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Anatomy And Physiology > Histology > Flashcards

Histology Flashcards

0
Q

What type of tissue is used for covering or lining?

A

Epithelial tissue

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1
Q

What are the 4 primary tissues?

A

Epithelial, connective, muscle and nerve tissue.

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2
Q

Define epithelial tissue.

A

Tissue that is used for covering and line; secreting tissue

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3
Q

Define connective tissue.

A

Tissue that bind things together; fills in space.

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4
Q

What type of tissue binds things together, or fills in space.

A

Connective tissue

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5
Q

What tissue shortens to produce movement?

A

Muscle tissue

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6
Q

Define muscle tissue.

A

Tissue that shortens to product movement.

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7
Q

Which tissue conducts impulses?

A

Nerve tissue

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8
Q

Define nerve tissue

A

Tissue that conducts impulses

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9
Q

The lung tissue that gases pass through to enter the blood is composed of what?

A

Simple squamous epithelial tissue

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10
Q

Which of the following is composed of dense regular connective tissue.

A

The achellis tendon, because we want it to be strong

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11
Q

Which of the following is true about the serous membrane

A

The serous membrane that cover the lung is called pleura.

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12
Q

Where does mitosis happen most rapidly?

A

Epithelial tissue

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13
Q

Which tissues do not undergo mitosis typically.

A

Muscle and nervous

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14
Q

In which tissue does the rate of mitosis vary?

A

Connective tissue

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15
Q

What are the functions of epithelial tissue?( not all do all function it varies)

A

Synthesizes structures, secretes substances, absorbed substances, and ——— underlying structures.

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16
Q

List 4 characteristics of epithelial tissue.

A

Cells are packed tightly, one apical surface and one basal surface attached to the basement membrane, cells reproduce rapidly, and not vascular.

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17
Q

How can you classify epithelial tissue.

A 
By number of layers ( simple, stratified, suedostratified)
By shape ( squamous, cuboidal, columnar)
By whether it is ciliated or not
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18
Q

Define transitional epithelial.

A

Apical cells change shape, lines organs thy stretch

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19
Q

How would you classify the function of epithelial tissue?

A

Covering, lining and glandular

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20
Q

What is glandular epithelial tissue composed of?

A

Composes parenchyma of glands (the functional component)

Also secretes compounds

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21
Q

Parenchyma

A

Functional component of glands

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22
Q

Stroma

A

The matrix or supporting tissue of an organ

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23
Q

What are the two classifications of glands

A

Endocrine (entering)

Exocrine (exiting)

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24
Endocrine glands
Secrete hormones directly into the body or body fluid | For the most part the are simple cuboidal
25
Exocrine gland
Excrete to an external surface or into a cavity that leads to the outside of the body
26
Examples of exocrine glands
Sweat glands | Lacrimal glands
27
Examples of exocrine glands that secrete onto internal surfaces
Salivary glands Mucus glands Pancreas
28
Characteristic of connective tissue
Separated by a matrix (consisting of fibres and ground substance between cells Structures vary greatly
29
Fibroblasts
Fibres and ground substance; makes up the matrix
30
Macrophages
Engulf substances
31
Plasma cells
Produce antibodies
32
Mast cells
Produce histamine (cause an inflammatory reaction)
33
Adipocytes
Fat cells
34
What is ground substance composed of
Hyaluronic acid (the glue) Chondroitin sulfate, dermatan sulfate, keratin sulfate Fibronectin
35
What 5 main cells are found in connective tissue
``` Fibroblasts Macrophages Plasma cells Mast cells Adipocytes ```
36
What is hyaluronic acid?
A viscous substance that facilitates movement of phagocytes and has protective qualities. Broken down by hyaluronaise
37
Which of the three main substances in ground substance supports cartilage, bone, skin, blood vessels and atrial valves. 1. Hyaluronic acid 2. Fibronectin 3. Chondroitin sulfate, dermatan sulfate, keratan sulfate
3. Dermatan sulfate, Chondroitin sulfate, keratan sulfate
38
Fibronectin (adhesive protein)
Links components of ground substance together
39
What is the general function of connective tissue
Support Protect Storage Repair
40
Name 3 types of fibres
Elastic (made of elastin; stretch) Collagen (strong, resistant fibres with some flexion) Reticular(form stroma)
41
Stroma
The matrix supporting tissue of organs
42
Name 5 types of mature connective tissue
``` Loose connective tissue Dense connective tissue Cartilage Bone tissue Blood ```
43
Name three types of loose connective tissue
Areolar Adipose Reticular
44
Name three types of dense connective tissue
Regular Irregular Elastic
45
Name three types if cartilage
Hyaline cartilage Fibrocartilage Elastic cartilage
46
Chondrocytes
Cartilage cells
47
Osteocytes
Bone cell
48
Erythrocytes
Red blood cells
49
Leukocytes
White blood cell
50
Membranes
Pliable later of epithelial or/and connective tissue
51
The principal epithelial membranes are...
Mucous (mucosa) Serous (serosa) Cutaneous (skin)
52
Two main types of membrane are...
Epithelial | Synovial
53
Mucous membrane function.
-absorption - secretion of mucus - protection -found lining open cavities (Type of epithelial membrane)
54
Name the two layer in Serous membranes
Pariatal- lines closed cavities | Visceral- covers outer surface of organs
55
what is the function of serous fluid
Reduce friction on serous membranes
56
What are the three types of serous membrane and where are they found.
Pleura (lungs) Pericardium (heart) Peritoneum (abdominal cavity)
57
Where is the visceral pleura
Covers the outer surface of the lungs
58
Where is the parietal pleura
Lining the thoracic cavity distal to the visceral pleura
59
What is found between the visceral layer and parietal layer of a serous membrane?
Serous fluid
60
Synovial membranes
Line cavities of freely moving joints
61
What are the three types of synovial membranes
``` Articular synovial membrane(line synovial joint cavities) Bursar (cushion soft tissue and bones) Tendon sheaths (surround and protect tendons) ```

Anatomy And Physiology (18 decks)

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