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Anatomy And Physiology > Histology > Flashcards

Histology Flashcards

0
Q

What type of tissue is used for covering or lining?

A

Epithelial tissue

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1
Q

What are the 4 primary tissues?

A

Epithelial, connective, muscle and nerve tissue.

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2
Q

Define epithelial tissue.

A

Tissue that is used for covering and line; secreting tissue

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3
Q

Define connective tissue.

A

Tissue that bind things together; fills in space.

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4
Q

What type of tissue binds things together, or fills in space.

A

Connective tissue

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5
Q

What tissue shortens to produce movement?

A

Muscle tissue

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6
Q

Define muscle tissue.

A

Tissue that shortens to product movement.

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7
Q

Which tissue conducts impulses?

A

Nerve tissue

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8
Q

Define nerve tissue

A

Tissue that conducts impulses

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9
Q

The lung tissue that gases pass through to enter the blood is composed of what?

A

Simple squamous epithelial tissue

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10
Q

Which of the following is composed of dense regular connective tissue.

A

The achellis tendon, because we want it to be strong

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11
Q

Which of the following is true about the serous membrane

A

The serous membrane that cover the lung is called pleura.

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12
Q

Where does mitosis happen most rapidly?

A

Epithelial tissue

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13
Q

Which tissues do not undergo mitosis typically.

A

Muscle and nervous

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14
Q

In which tissue does the rate of mitosis vary?

A

Connective tissue

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15
Q

What are the functions of epithelial tissue?( not all do all function it varies)

A

Synthesizes structures, secretes substances, absorbed substances, and ——— underlying structures.

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16
Q

List 4 characteristics of epithelial tissue.

A

Cells are packed tightly, one apical surface and one basal surface attached to the basement membrane, cells reproduce rapidly, and not vascular.

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17
Q

How can you classify epithelial tissue.

A 
By number of layers ( simple, stratified, suedostratified)
By shape ( squamous, cuboidal, columnar)
By whether it is ciliated or not
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18
Q

Define transitional epithelial.

A

Apical cells change shape, lines organs thy stretch

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19
Q

How would you classify the function of epithelial tissue?

A

Covering, lining and glandular

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20
Q

What is glandular epithelial tissue composed of?

A

Composes parenchyma of glands (the functional component)

Also secretes compounds

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21
Q

Parenchyma

A

Functional component of glands

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22
Q

Stroma

A

The matrix or supporting tissue of an organ

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23
Q

What are the two classifications of glands

A

Endocrine (entering)

Exocrine (exiting)

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24
Q

Endocrine glands

A

Secrete hormones directly into the body or body fluid

For the most part the are simple cuboidal

25
Q

Exocrine gland

A

Excrete to an external surface or into a cavity that leads to the outside of the body

26
Q

Examples of exocrine glands

A

Sweat glands

Lacrimal glands

27
Q

Examples of exocrine glands that secrete onto internal surfaces

A

Salivary glands
Mucus glands
Pancreas

28
Q

Characteristic of connective tissue

A

Separated by a matrix (consisting of fibres and ground substance between cells
Structures vary greatly

29
Q

Fibroblasts

A

Fibres and ground substance; makes up the matrix

30
Q

Macrophages

A

Engulf substances

31
Q

Plasma cells

A

Produce antibodies

32
Q

Mast cells

A

Produce histamine (cause an inflammatory reaction)

33
Q

Adipocytes

A

Fat cells

34
Q

What is ground substance composed of

A

Hyaluronic acid (the glue)
Chondroitin sulfate, dermatan sulfate, keratin sulfate
Fibronectin

35
Q

What 5 main cells are found in connective tissue

A 
Fibroblasts
Macrophages
Plasma cells
Mast cells 
Adipocytes
36
Q

What is hyaluronic acid?

A

A viscous substance that facilitates movement of phagocytes and has protective qualities.
Broken down by hyaluronaise

37
Q

Which of the three main substances in ground substance supports cartilage, bone, skin, blood vessels and atrial valves.

  1. Hyaluronic acid
  2. Fibronectin
  3. Chondroitin sulfate, dermatan sulfate, keratan sulfate
A
  1. Dermatan sulfate, Chondroitin sulfate, keratan sulfate
38
Q

Fibronectin (adhesive protein)

A

Links components of ground substance together

39
Q

What is the general function of connective tissue

A

Support
Protect
Storage
Repair

40
Q

Name 3 types of fibres

A

Elastic (made of elastin; stretch)
Collagen (strong, resistant fibres with some flexion)
Reticular(form stroma)

41
Q

Stroma

A

The matrix supporting tissue of organs

42
Q

Name 5 types of mature connective tissue

A 
Loose connective tissue
Dense connective tissue
Cartilage
Bone tissue
Blood
43
Q

Name three types of loose connective tissue

A

Areolar
Adipose
Reticular

44
Q

Name three types of dense connective tissue

A

Regular
Irregular
Elastic

45
Q

Name three types if cartilage

A

Hyaline cartilage
Fibrocartilage
Elastic cartilage

46
Q

Chondrocytes

A

Cartilage cells

47
Q

Osteocytes

A

Bone cell

48
Q

Erythrocytes

A

Red blood cells

49
Q

Leukocytes

A

White blood cell

50
Q

Membranes

A

Pliable later of epithelial or/and connective tissue

51
Q

The principal epithelial membranes are…

A

Mucous (mucosa)
Serous (serosa)
Cutaneous (skin)

52
Q

Two main types of membrane are…

A

Epithelial

Synovial

53
Q

Mucous membrane function.

A

-absorption
- secretion of mucus
- protection
-found lining open cavities
(Type of epithelial membrane)

54
Q

Name the two layer in Serous membranes

A

Pariatal- lines closed cavities

Visceral- covers outer surface of organs

55
Q

what is the function of serous fluid

A

Reduce friction on serous membranes

56
Q

What are the three types of serous membrane and where are they found.

A

Pleura (lungs)
Pericardium (heart)
Peritoneum (abdominal cavity)

57
Q

Where is the visceral pleura

A

Covers the outer surface of the lungs

58
Q

Where is the parietal pleura

A

Lining the thoracic cavity distal to the visceral pleura

59
Q

What is found between the visceral layer and parietal layer of a serous membrane?

A

Serous fluid

60
Q

Synovial membranes

A

Line cavities of freely moving joints

61
Q

What are the three types of synovial membranes

A 
Articular synovial membrane(line synovial joint cavities)
Bursar (cushion soft tissue and bones)
Tendon sheaths (surround and protect tendons)

Anatomy And Physiology (18 decks)

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