Infusion Therapy/ complications/ peripheral and central Flashcards
how often would you need to change the IV tubing?
every 24 hrs for intermittent infusion.
maximum flow rate of contrast injection for a “Power peripherally inserted central catheter” (“Power PICC”)?
mL/sec
5 ml/sec
Which component would the nurse verify on the blood label
before administering a blood transfusion to a patient? Select all
that apply.
Dosage
Tonicity
Lot number
Product code
ABO group and Rh factor
lot number.
product code.
ABO group and Rh factor.
Which route is often used to administer chemotherapeutic agents into a tumor’s blood supply?
Intraspinal
Intraosseous
Intra-arterial
Intraperitoneal
Intra-arterial
When a patient requires peripheral infusion therapy, which factor would the nurse consider in planning for the type of access device? Select all that apply.
Age of the patient
Gender of the patient
Diagnosis of the patient
Duration of the therapy
Patient preference
AGE.
Diagnosis.
Duration of the therapy.
Patient preference.
Which condition indicates infiltration?
Inflammation of the vein
Blood clot inside the vein
Leakage of nonvesicant IV solution into extravascular fluid
Leakage of vesicant IV solution into extravascular fluid
Leakage of nonvesicant IV solution into extravascular fluid
How often would the nurse change the gauze dressing on a patient’s midline catheter site?
24 hours
48 hours
36 hours
72 hours
48 hours
As the nurse assesses the insertion site of a short peripheral venous catheter, which finding indicates the presence of phlebitis? Select all that apply.
Bruising
Swelling
Blistering
Skin coolness
Palpable cord
Palpable cord
A patient reports blistering, sloughing, and tissue necrosis from the site after an IV drug infusion. Which drug is likely to have caused this condition?
Dopamine
Vancomycin
Amiodarone
Ciprofloxacin
Dopamine can damage tissues.
Which condition is present if the IV solution leaks into tissues around the vein?
Phlebitis
Infiltration
Thrombosis
Hematoma
Infiltration occurs when IV solution leaks into the tissues around the vein.
A potential complication of intraosseous (IO) infusion therapy?
Osteoporosis
Osteogenesis
Osteoarthritis
Osteomyelitis
Osteomyelitis is a serious complication of IO therapy.
When a patient has an arterial catheter in the right wrist, which assessment would the nurse make to determine patency of the
patient’s radial artery?
Blood pressure
Capillary refill
Neurologic function
Pain level at the site
Capillary refill would ensure that arterial line is not occluded.
s/sx of speedy shock by rapid infusion.
facial redness, irregular pulse, light head, low BP.
signs of thrombosis at catheter insertion site.
swelling, tenderness and redness due to presence of blood clot inside the vein.
Ecchymosis
is caused by infiltration of blood into the surrounding tissue.
Infiltration
Iv fluid leaks into the subcutaneous tissue around the venipuncture site.
Infiltration causes swelling, paleness, and coolness around venipuncture site.
Which route of infusion therapy can be used to treat trauma and burn victims?
Intra-arterial
Intraosseous
Subcutaneous
Intraperitoneal
Intraosseous
Midline IV cathether
for therapies last from 1- 4 weeks.
Short peripheral cath
are used for therapies for up to 3-4 days (72-96 hours).
PICC lines
are used for therapies that last for months
Tunneled Central cath
are for long term use and inserted by health care provider.
Which central catheter insertion procedure requires the patient to be in the Trendelenburg position?
Implanted port
Tunneled central venous catheter
Peripherally inserted central catheter
Nontunneled percutaneous central venous catheter
Nontunneled percutaneous central venous catheter
Which vein is the preferred site for inserting a peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC)?
Median vein in the forearm
Basilic vein in the upper arm
Brachial vein in the upper arm
Cephalic vein in the upper arm
Basilic vein in the upper arm
Implanted port
a kind of CVAD that is used for IV therapy for more than a year.
Heparin is used for:
Prevention of blood clots
Lab value to monitor heparin level
Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (APTT)
Normal level: 30 - 40 seconds
What reverses Heparin?
Protamine Sulfate
Warfarin is used for
prevent and TREAT blood clots like DVT
Lab value to monitor for Warfarin levels
INR . (Normal 2 - 3)
What reverse Warfarin?
Vitamin K
Furosemide is pushed at what rate?
10 mg / min
Why is isotonic solution given?
To increase blood volume, to fix dehydration and hypovolemia.
Why is Hypertonic solution given?
To correct fluid overload and HYPONATREMIA
Why is Hypotonic solution given?
(This solution helps move water into cells to rehydrate them).
Used for for dehydration / Hypernatremia .
DKA (helps correct cellular dehydration seen in DKA).
Examples of Isotonic solutions
• 0.9 % Nacl
• 5% Dextrose in water (D5W)
• Lactated Ringers
Examples of Hypertonic Solutions
• 3% & 5% Nacl
• 10% & 20% Dextrose in Water (D10W, D20W).
Examples of Hypotonic Solutions
• 0.45% Nacl ( aka 1/2 saline)
• 0.25 % & 0.33% Nacl are also hypotonic
Central lines
• Can be used for months. Change dressing Q 7 days (sterile technique)
• placed by MD on Trendelenberg position
How to assess for patency of dialysis fistula
By auscultation: hear whooshing sound (bruit)
By palpitation: feel vibrations
Arterial lines ( A line)
Used for continuous BP monitoring and blood sampling (abg’s).
Location: distal/ radial of hand
