Chapter 49: Intestinal/ Bowel Disorders Flashcards
Which bacteria may cause gastroenteritis?
Shigella species
which quadrant is Appendicitis?
right lower quadrant pain
Norovirus
also known as Norwalk-like viruses, causes gastroenteritis and is
transmitted through the fecal-oral route and possibly the respiratory route.
McBurney Point
is associated with later stage of appendicitis.
Blood cultures are
performed to determine …
whether septicemia has occurred.
early symptoms of gastroenteritis.
Nausea and vomiting are usually the first symptoms in a patient who has gastroenteritis, followed by diarrhea and abdominal cramping.
Diphenoxylate
hydrochloride
Diphenoxylate
hydrochloride with atropine sulfate reduces gastrointestinal motility in the patient, thereby reducing the symptoms. This medication, however, may
contribute to drowsiness and falls in older adults.
Loperamide
Loperamide has antiperistaltic action and is occasionally prescribed for
patients with gastroenteritis.
enterovesical fistula
A fistula that is present between the bowel and bladder is referred to as an enterovesical fistula.
enteroenteric fistula
A fistula that is present between two segments of bowel is called an enteroenteric fistula.
Which complication is seen in patients with a history of having
ulcerative colitis for 10 years or greater?
Colorectal cancer
Which complication is commonly seen in Crohn’s disease?
Fistulas
Vedolizumab
Vedolizumab is an intestinal-specific leukocyte traffic inhibitor. It prevents
the migration of WBCs to inflamed bowel tissue.
Which diagnostic test is preferred to differentiate between
ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease?
Xray with barium enema
Infliximab
Infliximab is recommended for the treatment of Crohn’s disease. Infliximab is
contraindicated in patients with heart disease because it worsens the
symptoms.
how to manage diverticulitis
The most effective way to manage diverticulitis is with a low-fiber diet while
inflammation is present, followed by a high-fiber diet once the inflammation
has subsided.
surgical treatment for UC (ulcerative colitis)
Restorative proctocolectomy with ileo pouch-anal anastomosis (RPC-IPAA)
has become the gold standard for patients with UC.
What is the primary cause of appendicitis?
Obstruction of the lumen between the cecum and appendix
location of appendicitis
RLQ or Mcburney’s point
standard treatment for appendicitis
appendectomy w/ abx
Which of the following is most characteristic of diverticulitis?
Inflamed outpouchings resultant from herniation in the colon
Peritonitis
LIFE THREATENING, acute inflammation of peritoneum caused by contamination.
complication: septic shock
Rebound Tenderness
more pain felt after you remove hands during palpitations. This is a good sign of peritonitis.
Appendicitis
acute inflammation of the vermiform of appendix.
pain to RLQ ( McBurney’s point)
McBurney’s point
pain to RLQ - appendicitis
Gastroenteritis
inflammation of the lining o the stomach and intestines, often viral (norovirus).
Diverticulosis /Diverticulitis
Asymptomatic. Pain to LLQ
Crohn’s Disease
patchy inflammation that can affect anywhere within the entire GI tract.
stool: bulky pale stool
complication: sepsis/ infection due to abscess and fistulas
Ulcerative Colitis
continuous ulcerations that only affect colon (starts from anus up).
stool: bloody diarrhea
complications: hypovolemia due to bloody diarrhea.
location of ileostomy
RLQ - liquidity output
location of colostomy
LLQ - pasty or solid output
