chapter 47: Stomach conditions

Question 1

Melena

Answer 1

describes traces of blood or occult blood in the stool

Question 2

Dyspepsia

Answer 2

describes sharp, burning or gnawing pain (aka heartburn).

Question 3

Peritonitis

Answer 3

is tender, rigid and boardlike abdomen usually seen after perforation or peptic ulcer.

Question 4

Which organism will the nurse suspect as the likely cause of
chronic gastritis in the newly diagnosed patient?

Answer 4

Helicobacter pylori

Question 5

which location is common for gastric ulcer?

Answer 5

in the antrum of the stomach

Question 6

Curling ulcers

Answer 6

Curling ulcers occur because of excessive stress hormones in the body. A patient with extensive burns would be under extreme stress and would be susceptible to Curling ulcers.

Question 7

Which statement about the pathophysiology of gastric cancers is
accurate?

Answer 7

Most gastric cancers are adenocarcinomas.

Question 8

Which diagnostic test is useful for an accurate staging of gastric
cancer?

Answer 8

Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)

Question 9

Aluminum hydroxide

Answer 9

The liquid form should be used rather than tablets if palatable; suspensions
are more effective than chewable tablets. Aluminum hydroxide should be taken 1 hour after meals and at bedtime because hydrogen ion load is high after the ingestion of food. The nurse should use aluminum hydroxide for patients with chronic kidney disease, as it does not contain magnesium,

Question 10

complication of pyloric obstruction

Answer 10

Metabolic alkalosis is a complication of pyloric obstruction as a result of
persistent vomiting.

Question 11

Omeprazole and lansoprazole

Answer 11

Omeprazole and lansoprazole may be dissolved and given through any size
NG tube.

Question 12

Pantoprazole

Answer 12

Pantoprazole should not be crushed before administration because
it is designed to dissolve after passing through the stomach.

Question 13

Which condition will the nurse suspect in the patient who
reports sharp, burning left-sided upper epigastric pain which
worsens after eating, and is assessed as having epigastric
tenderness, a soft abdomen, and normally active bowel sounds?

Answer 13

gastric ulcer

Question 14

Misoprostol

Answer 14

Misoprostol has two indications: protection of stomach lining and induction of labor. Therefore the drug should not be given to a pregnant patient unless she is under the care of an obstetrician.

Question 15

Nizatidine

Answer 15

Nizatidine is an antihistamine that reduces stomach acid. most effective if administered once daily at bedtime. Used for gerd , duodenal ulcers

Question 16

Calcium carbonate

Answer 16

Calcium carbonate is a potent antacid, but it triggers gastrin release, which causes rebound acid secretion. Symptoms will worsen with the rebound acid
secretion; therefore it is not recommended for a patient with peptic ulcer
disease. Calcium carbonate does not affect ulcer healing.

Question 17

Achlorhydria

Answer 17

Achlorhydria is the absence of secretion of hydrochloric acid, which is a risk factor for gastric cancer.

Question 18

The nurse is caring for a client recently admitted for a complete small-bowel obstruction. What would be the nurse’s priority action for the client?

The nurse is caring for a client recently admitted for a complete small-bowel obstruction. What would be the nurse’s priority action for the client?

Answer 18

Monitor for fluid and electrolyte imbalances.

Question 19

High-pitched tinkling sounds of abdomen

Answer 19

indicates an intestinal obstruction in the early phase,

Question 20

A client with an upper bowel obstruction is more likely to have metabolic _________

Answer 20

metabolic alkalosis

Question 21

a client with a lower obstruction is at greater risk for metabolic _______

Answer 21

metabolic acidosis

Question 22

What would be the nurse’s priority action for the client with small bowel obstruction?

Answer 22

Monitor for fluid and electrolyte imbalances.

Question 23

Which assessment data support to the nurse the clients diagnosis of gastric ulcer?

Answer 23

Complaints of epigastric pain 30-60 minutes after ingesting food.

Question 24

what can worsen PUD?

Answer 24

nsaids.
alcohol.
smoking.
caffeine

Question 25

Which stomach location has an increased risk for cancer in a
patient with Barret esophagus?

Answer 25

Cardia, which is the point where stomach connects to esophagus

Question 26

what is the treatment for H. Pylori infection?

Answer 26

Metronidazole is an antimicrobial that treats H. pylori infection.

Question 27

what is Pantoprazole?

Answer 27

a PPI that suppresses the enzyme that regulates acid secretions.

Question 28

Aluminum Hydroxide

Answer 28

an antacid that deactivates pepsin and buffers the acid produced in the stomach.

Question 29

purpose of NG tube for patient with PUD who develops pyloric obstruction.

Answer 29

Patients who develop pyloric obstruction are at risk for gastric distention. The
NG tube is used to decompress the stomach.