chapter 47: Stomach conditions Flashcards
Melena
describes traces of blood or occult blood in the stool
Dyspepsia
describes sharp, burning or gnawing pain (aka heartburn).
Peritonitis
is tender, rigid and boardlike abdomen usually seen after perforation or peptic ulcer.
Which organism will the nurse suspect as the likely cause of
chronic gastritis in the newly diagnosed patient?
Helicobacter pylori
which location is common for gastric ulcer?
in the antrum of the stomach
Curling ulcers
Curling ulcers occur because of excessive stress hormones in the body. A patient with extensive burns would be under extreme stress and would be susceptible to Curling ulcers.
Which statement about the pathophysiology of gastric cancers is
accurate?
Most gastric cancers are adenocarcinomas.
Which diagnostic test is useful for an accurate staging of gastric
cancer?
Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)
Aluminum hydroxide
The liquid form should be used rather than tablets if palatable; suspensions
are more effective than chewable tablets. Aluminum hydroxide should be taken 1 hour after meals and at bedtime because hydrogen ion load is high after the ingestion of food. The nurse should use aluminum hydroxide for patients with chronic kidney disease, as it does not contain magnesium,
complication of pyloric obstruction
Metabolic alkalosis is a complication of pyloric obstruction as a result of
persistent vomiting.
Omeprazole and lansoprazole
Omeprazole and lansoprazole may be dissolved and given through any size
NG tube.
Pantoprazole
Pantoprazole should not be crushed before administration because
it is designed to dissolve after passing through the stomach.
Which condition will the nurse suspect in the patient who
reports sharp, burning left-sided upper epigastric pain which
worsens after eating, and is assessed as having epigastric
tenderness, a soft abdomen, and normally active bowel sounds?
gastric ulcer
Misoprostol
Misoprostol has two indications: protection of stomach lining and induction of labor. Therefore the drug should not be given to a pregnant patient unless she is under the care of an obstetrician.
Nizatidine
Nizatidine is an antihistamine that reduces stomach acid. most effective if administered once daily at bedtime. Used for gerd , duodenal ulcers
Calcium carbonate
Calcium carbonate is a potent antacid, but it triggers gastrin release, which causes rebound acid secretion. Symptoms will worsen with the rebound acid
secretion; therefore it is not recommended for a patient with peptic ulcer
disease. Calcium carbonate does not affect ulcer healing.
Achlorhydria
Achlorhydria is the absence of secretion of hydrochloric acid, which is a risk factor for gastric cancer.
The nurse is caring for a client recently admitted for a complete small-bowel obstruction. What would be the nurse’s priority action for the client?
The nurse is caring for a client recently admitted for a complete small-bowel obstruction. What would be the nurse’s priority action for the client?
Monitor for fluid and electrolyte imbalances.
High-pitched tinkling sounds of abdomen
indicates an intestinal obstruction in the early phase,
A client with an upper bowel obstruction is more likely to have metabolic _________
metabolic alkalosis
a client with a lower obstruction is at greater risk for metabolic _______
metabolic acidosis
What would be the nurse’s priority action for the client with small bowel obstruction?
Monitor for fluid and electrolyte imbalances.
Which assessment data support to the nurse the clients diagnosis of gastric ulcer?
Complaints of epigastric pain 30-60 minutes after ingesting food.
what can worsen PUD?
nsaids.
alcohol.
smoking.
caffeine
Which stomach location has an increased risk for cancer in a
patient with Barret esophagus?
Cardia, which is the point where stomach connects to esophagus
what is the treatment for H. Pylori infection?
Metronidazole is an antimicrobial that treats H. pylori infection.
what is Pantoprazole?
a PPI that suppresses the enzyme that regulates acid secretions.
Aluminum Hydroxide
an antacid that deactivates pepsin and buffers the acid produced in the stomach.
purpose of NG tube for patient with PUD who develops pyloric obstruction.
Patients who develop pyloric obstruction are at risk for gastric distention. The
NG tube is used to decompress the stomach.
Dumping Syndrome
rapid emptying of the gastric contents into small intestines that usually happens after gastric surgery.
