Chapters 22 & 23: Respiratory

Question 1

Which drug helps reduce the craving to smoke?

Answer 1

Bupropion

Question 2

what is Pulmonary Function Tests (PFTs)?

Answer 2

determines the cause of dyspnea

Question 3

dyspnea

Answer 3

shortness of breath, or difficulty breathing.

Question 4

Pleural Friction Rub

Answer 4

is heard as a loud, rough, grating, scratching sound on auscultation.

Question 5

Bupropion s/e to watch out for

Answer 5

can cause changes in behavior, including manic behavior and hallucinations.

Question 6

what is Tympany?

Answer 6

it is a high pitched sound of short duration that has a musical, drum like quality. when heard over a lung, it indicates pneumothorax.

Question 7

Class II Dyspnea

Answer 7

is experienced only when the patient has dyspnea restricted to some nonessential ADLs

Question 8

Class I Dyspnea

Answer 8

has no restrictions

Question 9

Class III Dyspnea

Answer 9

occurs with daily ADLs

Question 10

A patient is being transported to an emergency department after
a motor vehicle crash that resulted in severe head and neck
injuries. Which procedure will be used by emergency medical
services (EMS) if it is the only way to secure the patient’s airway?
Tracheotomy

Answer 10

Cricothyroidotomy is a procedure performed by EMS to hold an airway open until trachetomy can be performed.

Question 11

Which treatment is a last resort for very severe obstructive sleep
apnea (OSA) that does not respond to moderate interventions?

Answer 11

Tracheostomy

Question 12

Which device delivers low-flow oxygen?

Answer 12

Nasal cannula

Question 13

Which value indicates clinical hypoxemia?

Answer 13

Partial pressure of arterial oxygen (Pao2) of 50 mm Hg indicates low levels of oxygen in the blood.

Question 14

Which intervention would the nurse include in the plan of care for
a patient receiving oxygen via a high-flow oxygen delivery system?

Answer 14

Auscultate breath sounds every 2 hours to look for signs of atelectasis.

Question 15

Which oxygen delivery equipment could provide a fraction of
inspired oxygen (Fio2) greater than 80%?

Answer 15

Nonrebreather mask

Question 16

Which respiratory device can be used to provide a patient with
an 80% fraction of inspired oxygen (Fio2)?

Answer 16

Face tent.
Aerosol Mask.
High flow nasal cannula

Question 17

Which device is an example of a low-flow oxygen delivery system
used for long-term therapy?

Answer 17

nasal cannula

Question 18

Which test is most often used to diagnose obstructive sleep apnea?

Answer 18

polysomnography

Question 19

what is true about chest tube?

Answer 19

An increase in drainage after ambulation is normal but should be monitored closely.

Question 20

When transporting a patient with a mediastinal tube, which action is the most appropriate?

Answer 20

Ensuring that the CDS is below the thoracic level

Question 21

When managing a CDS, which action should the nurse take?

Answer 21

Ensure that the chest tube is not stripped.

Question 22

Which condition is a complication of stripping the entire length of a pleural chest tube?

Answer 22

Damage to the pleural tissues

Question 23

pneumothorax

Answer 23

Air in the pleural space, causing a loss of negative pressure.

Question 24

What is another potential cause of traumatic pneumothorax?

Answer 24

needle biopsy of the lung

Question 25

The most dangerous or life-threatening type of pneumothorax is:

Answer 25

Tension pneumothorax is a medical emergency that can lead to severe respiratory distress, hemodynamic instability, and even death if not treated promptly

Question 26

Common sign/symptom of pneumothorax is:

Answer 26

chest pain SOB

Question 27

The nurse is caring for a client after a motor vehicle accident. Which assessment findings lead the nurse to call the provider and obtain chest tube supplies?

Answer 27

dyspnea and absent breath sounds.

Question 28

Pleural effusion can be caused by:

Answer 28

Infection Hypoalbuminemia Heart failure

Question 29

an assessment finding most consistent with a pleural effusion

Answer 29

sharp chest pain with inhalation.

Question 30

Tidal Volume

Answer 30

is the amount of air inhaled/exhaled with each breath.

Question 31

Dead Space Volume

Answer 31

air that has nothing to do with gas process or exchange.

Question 32

Ventilation

Answer 32

draws air IN and pushes it OUT

Question 33

Diffusion

Answer 33

gases moving across pressure gradients.

Question 34

Perfusion

Answer 34

blood flow to tissues and organs.

Question 35

Hypercapnia

Answer 35

elevated CO2 in the body (higher than 45).

Question 36

Kussmaul Breathing

Answer 36

deep, rapid breathing

Question 37

Cheyne- Stokes

Answer 37

progressively faster and deep breathing with periods of apnea. Seen in end of life.

Question 38

Palpate

Answer 38

TOUCH for growth, masses, pain or tenderness

Question 39

Percussion

Answer 39

LISTEN TO TAPPING of FINGERS. listen for Resonant, Flat or Dull sounds

Question 40

Auscultation

Answer 40

LISTEN by stethoscope. Listen for respiratory cycles, rhonchi, crackles, wheezes, stridor, rubs

Question 41

D Dimer

Answer 41

is a protein fragment which is produced when blood clot is broken down in the body. Helps to dx DVT, PE, etc.

Question 42

End Tidal CO2

Answer 42

concentration of CO2 from exhaled breathing.

Question 43

Total lung capacity

Answer 43

maximum volume the lungs can hold after a deep breath.

Question 44

Vital Capacity

Answer 44

maximum volume of air that can be expelled from lungs after deep inhalation.

Question 45

Peak Expiratory Flow rate

Answer 45

maximum speed one can exhale. this is measured with a peak flow meter.

Question 46

End Tidal Capnography (ETCO2)

Answer 46

Normal range 35-45. Measures exhaled CO2.

Question 47

effects of hypoxia in Brain

Answer 47

altered LOC dizziness blurred vision or blacking out

Question 48

effects of hypoxia in Heart

Answer 48

palpitations HR changes chest pain ischemia

Question 49

Oxygen Therapy: Nasal Cannula

Answer 49

delivers 1- 6L/ min, FiO2 24-40%

Question 50

Oxygen Therapy: Simple Facemask

Answer 50

delivers 6-10L /min, FiO2 35-55%

Question 51

Oxygen Therapy: Partial Rebreather

Answer 51

delivers 6-10 L /min, FiO2 35-60%

Question 52

Oxygen Therapy: Non-Rebreather Mask

Answer 52

delivers ALOT of Oxygen = 15-20L/min, FiO2 up tp 100%. **DO NOT leave this on too long because it gives too much O2.

Question 53

Mechanical Oxygen Therapy: Bipap & Cpap

Answer 53

non invasive positive pressure. they are preferred treatment for COPD, Asthma or pulmonary edema patients. **DO NOT use on nonresponsive patients.

Question 54

Mechanical Oxygen Therapy: Vapotherm

Answer 54

high flow nasal cannula with humidity

Question 55

Mechanical Oxygen Therapy: Traditional Ventilator

Answer 55

controls inspiration and expiration (trach)

Question 56

Mechanical Oxygen Therapy: ECMO (extracorporeal membrane oxygenation)

Answer 56

when traditional ventilation fails, this is the next step. Blood drained from venous is oxygenated outside of the body then returned into the vascular system. Advance RN training needed.

Question 57

Tracheostomy Complications

Answer 57

bleeding. pneumothorax (collapsed lung). stenosis. emphysema

Question 58

which conditions will require a Tracheostomy?

Answer 58

upper airway obstruction. facial burns. tumors. comatose. neuromuscular disease.

Question 59

Larynx Cancer risk factors

Answer 59

alcohol / tobacco use. chronic abuse of voice (singers), GERD Chemo exposure. more common in men than women.

Question 60

3 steps to remember before you suction a tracheostomy

Answer 60

1. pre oxygenate patient before, during and after suctioning. 2. have patient hold breath no more than 10 seconds. 3. give patient time to recover between suctioning,

Question 61

clubbing of fingers and toes

Answer 61

late stage of chronic COPD

Question 62

green - tinged mucus is present in ___ only

Answer 62

Pneumonia