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Medsurg 1 > Chapters 22 & 23: Respiratory > Flashcards

Chapters 22 & 23: Respiratory Flashcards

1
Q

Which drug helps reduce the craving to smoke?

A

Bupropion

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2
Q

what is Pulmonary Function Tests (PFTs)?

A

determines the cause of dyspnea

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3
Q

dyspnea

A

shortness of breath, or difficulty breathing.

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4
Q

Pleural Friction Rub

A

is heard as a loud, rough, grating, scratching sound on auscultation.

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5
Q

Bupropion s/e to watch out for

A

can cause changes in behavior, including manic behavior and hallucinations.

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6
Q

what is Tympany?

A

it is a high pitched sound of short duration that has a musical, drum like quality. when heard over a lung, it indicates pneumothorax.

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7
Q

Class II Dyspnea

A

is experienced only when the patient has dyspnea restricted to some nonessential ADLs

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8
Q

Class I Dyspnea

A

has no restrictions

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9
Q

Class III Dyspnea

A

occurs with daily ADLs

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10
Q

A patient is being transported to an emergency department after
a motor vehicle crash that resulted in severe head and neck
injuries. Which procedure will be used by emergency medical
services (EMS) if it is the only way to secure the patient’s airway?
Tracheotomy

A

Cricothyroidotomy is a procedure performed by EMS to hold an airway open until trachetomy can be performed.

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11
Q

Which treatment is a last resort for very severe obstructive sleep
apnea (OSA) that does not respond to moderate interventions?

A

Tracheostomy

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12
Q

Which device delivers low-flow oxygen?

A

Nasal cannula

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13
Q

Which value indicates clinical hypoxemia?

A

Partial pressure of arterial oxygen (Pao2) of 50 mm Hg indicates low levels of oxygen in the blood.

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14
Q

Which intervention would the nurse include in the plan of care for
a patient receiving oxygen via a high-flow oxygen delivery system?

A

Auscultate breath sounds every 2 hours to look for signs of atelectasis.

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15
Q

Which oxygen delivery equipment could provide a fraction of
inspired oxygen (Fio2) greater than 80%?

A

Nonrebreather mask

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16
Q

Which respiratory device can be used to provide a patient with
an 80% fraction of inspired oxygen (Fio2)?

A

Face tent.
Aerosol Mask.
High flow nasal cannula

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17
Q

Which device is an example of a low-flow oxygen delivery system
used for long-term therapy?

A

nasal cannula

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18
Q

Which test is most often used to diagnose obstructive sleep apnea?

A

polysomnography

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19
Q

what is true about chest tube?

A

An increase in drainage after ambulation is normal but should be monitored closely.

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20
Q

When transporting a patient with a mediastinal tube, which action is the most appropriate?

A

Ensuring that the CDS is below the thoracic level

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21
Q

When managing a CDS, which action should the nurse take?

A

Ensure that the chest tube is not stripped.

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22
Q

Which condition is a complication of stripping the entire length of a pleural chest tube?

A

Damage to the pleural tissues

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23
Q

pneumothorax

A

Air in the pleural space, causing a loss of negative pressure.

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24
Q

What is another potential cause of traumatic pneumothorax?

A

needle biopsy of the lung

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25
Q

The most dangerous or life-threatening type of pneumothorax is:

A

Tension pneumothorax is a medical emergency that can lead to severe respiratory distress, hemodynamic instability, and even death if not treated promptly

26
Q

Common sign/symptom of pneumothorax is:

A

chest pain
SOB

27
Q

The nurse is caring for a client after a motor vehicle accident. Which assessment findings lead the nurse to call the provider and obtain chest tube supplies?

A

dyspnea and absent breath sounds.

28
Q

Pleural effusion can be caused by:

A

Infection

Hypoalbuminemia

Heart failure

29
Q

an assessment finding most consistent with a pleural effusion

A

sharp chest pain with inhalation.

30
Q

Tidal Volume

A

is the amount of air inhaled/exhaled with each breath.

31
Q

Dead Space Volume

A

air that has nothing to do with gas process or exchange.

32
Q

Ventilation

A

draws air IN and pushes it OUT

33
Q

Diffusion

A

gases moving across pressure gradients.

34
Q

Perfusion

A

blood flow to tissues and organs.

35
Q

Hypercapnia

A

elevated CO2 in the body (higher than 45).

36
Q

Kussmaul Breathing

A

deep, rapid breathing

37
Q

Cheyne- Stokes

A

progressively faster and deep breathing with periods of apnea. Seen in end of life.

38
Q

Palpate

A

TOUCH for growth, masses, pain or tenderness

39
Q

Percussion

A

LISTEN TO TAPPING of FINGERS.
listen for Resonant, Flat or Dull sounds

40
Q

Auscultation

A

LISTEN by stethoscope. Listen for respiratory cycles, rhonchi, crackles, wheezes, stridor, rubs

41
Q

D Dimer

A

is a protein fragment which is produced when blood clot is broken down in the body. Helps to dx DVT, PE, etc.

42
Q

End Tidal CO2

A

concentration of CO2 from exhaled breathing.

43
Q

Total lung capacity

A

maximum volume the lungs can hold after a deep breath.

44
Q

Vital Capacity

A

maximum volume of air that can be expelled from lungs after deep inhalation.

45
Q

Peak Expiratory Flow rate

A

maximum speed one can exhale. this is measured with a peak flow meter.

46
Q

End Tidal Capnography (ETCO2)

A

Normal range 35-45.
Measures exhaled CO2.

47
Q

effects of hypoxia in Brain

A

altered LOC
dizziness
blurred vision or blacking out

48
Q

effects of hypoxia in Heart

A

palpitations
HR changes
chest pain
ischemia

49
Q

Oxygen Therapy: Nasal Cannula

A

delivers 1- 6L/ min, FiO2 24-40%

50
Q

Oxygen Therapy: Simple Facemask

A

delivers 6-10L /min, FiO2 35-55%

51
Q

Oxygen Therapy: Partial Rebreather

A

delivers 6-10 L /min, FiO2 35-60%

52
Q

Oxygen Therapy: Non-Rebreather Mask

A

delivers ALOT of Oxygen = 15-20L/min, FiO2 up tp 100%.

**DO NOT leave this on too long because it gives too much O2.

53
Q

Mechanical Oxygen Therapy:
Bipap & Cpap

A

non invasive positive pressure. they are preferred treatment for COPD, Asthma or pulmonary edema patients.

**DO NOT use on nonresponsive patients.

54
Q

Mechanical Oxygen Therapy: Vapotherm

A

high flow nasal cannula with humidity

55
Q

Mechanical Oxygen Therapy: Traditional Ventilator

A

controls inspiration and expiration (trach)

56
Q

Mechanical Oxygen Therapy: ECMO (extracorporeal membrane oxygenation)

A

when traditional ventilation fails, this is the next step. Blood drained from venous is oxygenated outside of the body then returned into the vascular system. Advance RN training needed.

57
Q

Tracheostomy Complications

A

bleeding.
pneumothorax (collapsed lung).
stenosis.
emphysema

58
Q

which conditions will require a Tracheostomy?

A

upper airway obstruction.
facial burns.
tumors.
comatose.
neuromuscular disease.

59
Q

Larynx Cancer risk factors

A

alcohol / tobacco use.
chronic abuse of voice (singers),
GERD
Chemo exposure.
more common in men than women.

60
Q

3 steps to remember before you suction a tracheostomy

A
  1. pre oxygenate patient before, during and after suctioning.
  2. have patient hold breath no more than 10 seconds.
  3. give patient time to recover between suctioning,
61
Q

clubbing of fingers and toes

A

late stage of chronic COPD

62
Q

green - tinged mucus is present in ___ only

Medsurg 1 (24 decks)

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