Infraorder/Parvorder Traits

Question 1

Infraorder: Lemuriformes traits

Answer 1

lemurs of Madagascar; adaptive radiation, “Sweepstakes” Model, subfossil lemurs, 113 species now recognized, wide range of body size, diurnal and nocturnal species, diurnal species complex social groups, sexual dimorphism, female dominance in some, short estrus 1/year=1 infant at a time

Question 2

Lemuriforme Families (5)

Answer 2

Cheirogaleidae, Daubentoniidae, Lepilemuridae, Lermuridae, and Indriidae

Question 3

Infraorder: Lorisiformes traits

Answer 3

nocturnal African/Asian Strepsirrhini primates, used as template for early primate evolution based on primitive traits - rhinarium (olfaction)/reflective tapetum (nocturnality); derived traits- tooth comb/grooming claw; small body size, small groups, emphasis on senses - sight, smell, hearing

Question 4

Lorisiformes Families (2)

Answer 4

Lorisidae and Galagidae

Question 5

Infraorder: Tarsiiformes traits

Answer 5

Indonesia & the Philippines, small body size (120g), vertical clinging/leaping derived trait elongated tarsal bone, nocturnal derived trait w/lrg eyes but no reflective tapetum-one eye bigger than brain, faunivorous, convergent evolution w/frog/owl like adaptations, “Living fossils”-date back 45million yrs ago w/little change

Question 6

Family: Tarsidae

Answer 6

the tarsier

Question 7

Infraorder: Simiiformes traits

Answer 7

Parvorder Platyrrhini and Catarrhini; the diurnal monkeys, apes and humans; widely dist. in tropics and subtropics mostly-Central/South America, Africa, India, SE Asia, China, Japan; diurnal niche possible w/ larger body size to compete w/birds by focusing on non-bird food- leaves, lrgr fruits & fruits w/ harder coverings

Question 8

Parvorder: Platyrrhini traits

new world monkeys

Answer 8

Central/South America; arrived around 35 million yrs ago via rafting from Africa; adaptive radiation, mostly arboreal forest living, prehensile tails derived trait for suspension to facilitate feeding

Question 9

Parvorder Platyrrhini: families (4)

Answer 9

Callitrichidae, Atelidae, Cebedae, Aotidae

Question 10

Parvorder: Catarrhini families (4)

Answer 10

Hominidae, Hylobatidae, Pithiciidae (Uakuir/Saki), and Cercopithecidae (subfamilies)

Question 11

Parvorder: Catarrhini traits

Answer 11

arboreal/terrestrial, most are lrg monkeys, many have considerable sexual dimorphism, colobines have special adaptations for folivory

Question 12

subfamilies of Cercopithecidae (2)

Answer 12

Colobinae and Cercopithecinae