Inflammation Overview Flashcards
What are the primary lymphatic organs?
Thymus. Bone marrow.
What are the secondary lymphatic organs?
Spleen. Lymph nodes. Mucosal associated tissue.
What do T helper cells / CD4+ cells do?
Produce cytokines to activate macrophages. Activate B cells to regulate immune response.
What do cytotoxic T cells / CD8+ cells do?
Recognise and kill infected cells. Produce cytokines.
Give 2 mechanisms of defence of the innate immunity.
Skin, mucous membrane. Enzymes, complement. Macrophages/neutrophils. Natural killer cells.
What are the structures found on pathogen molecules?
Pathogen associated molecular patterns.
Name two pattern recognition receptors.
Toll-like receptors. Rigl-like receptors. NOD-like receptors. C-type lectin receptors.
Name two Pathogen associated molecular patterns.
LPS. Porins. Peptidoglycan. Lipoteichoic acids. Mannose-rich glycans. Flagellin.
Give two effects of activated macrophages.
Vasodilation. Induce maturation of dendritic cells (APCs). Increases vascular permeability. Up-regulates adhesion molecules.
What is the difference between acute inflammation and chronic inflammation?
Chronic inflammation has an ONGOING STIMULUS.
Name 3 features of Acute Inflammation.
Flush, flare and wheal. Acute inflammatory cells. Vascular damage. Little/ no fibrosis.
Name 3 features of Chronic Inflammation.
Chronic inflammatory cells - lymphocytes and macrophages. Less exudation (fluid already emitted through a womb). Prominent fibrosis. Vascularization.
What are the 3 features of the adaptive immune system?
Specificity. Diversity. Memory.
Name 2 conditions associated with type IV hypersensitivity.
Sarcoidosis. Crohn’s Disease. Diabetes type 1. Contact dermatitis. Hashimoto’s thyroiditis. Multiple sclerosis. Inflammatory bowel disease.
Name 2 conditions associated with type III hypersensitivity.
Serum sickness. Systemic lupus erythematosus. Rheumatoid arthritis.
