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Immunology > Inflammation and Hypersensitivity > Flashcards

Inflammation and Hypersensitivity Flashcards

1
Q

What is inflammation triggered by?

A

Pathogens
Damaged cells
Toxin compounds

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2
Q

What are the five classic signs of inflammation

A

Heat
Pain
Redness
Swelling
Loss of function

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3
Q

What causes heat/redness in inflammation?

A

Increased blood flow, high blood flow heats tissue and causes redness

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4
Q

What causes swelling (oedema)?

A

Fluid released into tissues, increased permeability

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5
Q

Which complement component enhances the process of vasodilation nad helps activate endothelial cells and mast cells?

A

C5a

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6
Q

What is auto-immunity?

A

Failure of immune tolerance

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7
Q

What is hypersensitivity?

A

Inappropriate/over-reactive response to antigens that pose little/no threat

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8
Q

What is type I hypersensitivity?

A

IgE-mediated

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9
Q

What is type II hypersensitivity?

A

IgG or IgM-mediated

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10
Q

What is type III hypersensitivity?

A

Immune complex-mediated

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11
Q

What is type IV hypersensitivity?

A

T-cell mediated

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12
Q

Antigens bind to antibodies,
Immune complex formed,
Cytokines released,
Neutrophils summoned,
Neutrophils degranulate,
Tissue damaged
…is the correct order for which type of hypersensitivity?

A

Type III hypersensitivity

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13
Q

True or false. Inflammation is a biological response of the innate immune system and can be triggered by bacteria, virus, fungi, and parasites?

A

True

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14
Q

True or false. Inflammation is a biological response of the innate immune system and can be triggered by damaged cells?

A

True

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15
Q

What is the main role of histamine released during inflammation?

A

To cause vasodilation and increased vascular permeability

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16
Q

Prostaglandins, histamine, Leukotrienes, and platelet-activating factors are all what?

A

Inflammatory mediators

17
Q

What is the role of the following molecules: TNFa, CXCL1, IL-6, and CXCL16ab

A

Induce and regulate inflammation

18
Q

What type of hypersensitivity is IgE a mediator for?

A

Type I hypersensitivity

19
Q

Rheamatoid arthritis, granulomas, multiple sclerosis, and allergic contact dermatitis are all examples of which type of hypersensitivity?

A

Type IV hypersensitivity

20
Q

What type of hypersensitivity involves destruction by IgG and IgM

A

Type II hypersensitivity

21
Q

How can antibodies bound to cell surface antigen induce cell death in Type II Hypersensitivity?

A

Antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC)
Opsonisation

Immunology (16 decks)

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