Allergy Flashcards
What is defined as “Disease following a response by the immune system to otherwise innocuous antigens”
Allergy
Do allergens have a low or high molecular weight?
Low molecular weight
Are allergens stable or unstable?
Stable
Are allergens proteins?
Yes
Are allergens enzymatically active?
Yes
An allergic reaction is the result of hyper-responsiveness of which immune systems?
Innate and adaptive
What things can cause allergic reactions?
Food, animals, pollen, and dust particles
Which antibody is primarily involved in allergic reaction?
IgE
What stimulates a Th2 response leading to more IgE production by B cells?
IL-4
Which type of hypersensitivity results in anaphylactic shock caused by allergy?
Class I
Naive B cell presents antigen to Th2 cells,
B cells are activated to secrete IgE,
Antibody binds to FcεR1 receptor on basophils,
Antigen binding to IgE causes crosslinking of FcERI,
Symptoms of class I hypersensitivity occur such as acute functional changes of affected organs
…is the correct order of events for which class of hypersensitivity?
Class I
What drugs are used to treat allergies?
Decongestants
Anti-histamines
leukotriene antagonists
Corticosteroids
What medication is used for anaphylaxis?
Epinephrine (epi-pen)
Drug helps to prevent degranulation if mast cells by enhancing cAMP production - adrenaline
What is omalizumab?
Immunotherapeutics (anti-IgE antibodies) Desensitisation
What allergy treatment involves injecting or ingesting low or increasing doses of antigen to induce immune tolerance?
Desensitisation
