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Immunology > Immune System Functions > Flashcards

Immune System Functions Flashcards

1
Q

A community of organisms, live within us, symbiotic relationships, beneficial.

A

Microbiome

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2
Q

Microorganisms that breach tissue, causing damage and illness.

A

Pathogens

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3
Q

What is Clostridium Teteni?

A

Bacterial pathogen. Produces a toxin that targets the CNS

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4
Q

What is Salmonella?

A

Bacterial pathogen. Common in food poisoning.

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5
Q

What is Mycobacteria Tuberculosis?

A

Bacterial pathogen. Causes intracellular lung infections, can be fatal.

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6
Q

What is Propionibacterium Acnes?

A

Bacterial pathogen

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7
Q

What is the first stage of defence?

A

Anatomic barriers.
Skin, oral mucosa, respiratory epithelium, intestine

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8
Q

What is the second stage of defence?

A

Complement/antimicrobial proteins.
C3, defensives, RegIIIy

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9
Q

What is the 3rd stage of defence?

A

Innate immune cells.
Macrophages, granulocytes, natural killer cells

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10
Q

What is the final stage of defence?

A

Adaptive immunity.
B cells/antibodies, T cells

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11
Q

What type of immunity is non-specific, inherited, and does not require prior exposure to invadors?

A

Innate immunity

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12
Q

What are innate cellular responses?

A

Phagocytosis
Inflammatory processes
Antimicrobial protein activation

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13
Q

What is phagocytosis?

A

Phagocytes engulf and destroy particles by endocytosis.

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14
Q

What are the main phagocytes? (5)

A

Macrophages
Monocytes
Mast cells
Neutrophils
Dendritic cells

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15
Q

What is the purpose of inflammation?

A

To prevent the spread of infection and heal damaged tissue following pathogen clearance.

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16
Q

At the onset of infection, what activates phagocytes?

A

Pattern Recognition Receptors (PRR)

17
Q

What are the inflammatory mediators? (2)

A

Cytokines
Chemokines

18
Q

What do chemical factors such as histamine, bradykinin, and leukotrienes cause?

A

Vasodilation

19
Q

What are the antimicrobial proteins? (2)

A

Interferon
Complement

20
Q

What antimicrobial protein can kill microbes without phagocytosis?

A

Complement

21
Q

What antimicrobial protein is a cytokine that inhibits viral replication inside host cells?

A

Interferon

22
Q
A

Immunology (16 decks)

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