Imperative Flashcards
Count imperative tu
Cuenta
Fly imperative tu
Vuela
Begin! Tú
Comienza/ empieza
Continue! Tú
Sigue o continúa
Confess! Tú
Confiesa
A regular negative command is formed as follows:
- Remove the o in the yo form
- For -ar verbs, add es
- For -ir and -er verbs add as
No hables No comas No escribas No compres el pescado No vendas la casa No abras la puerta
Orthographic changes
C>qu
G>gu
Z>c
No tocas el piano> ¡No toques el piano!
No juegas al béisbol> ¡No juegues al béisbol!
No comienzas> ¡No comiences!
Don’t open the windows.
¡No abras las ventanas!
Don’t look!
¡No mires!
Decir
Affirmative/negative Tú form
Di
No digas
Hacer
Affirmative/negative Tú form
Haz
No hagas
Ir
Affirmative/negative Tú form
Ve
No vayas
Poner
Affirmative/negative Tú form
Pon
No pongas
Salir
Affirmative/negative Tú form
Sal
No salgas
Ser
Affirmative/negative Tú form
Sé
No seas
Tener
Affirmative/negative Tú form
Ten
No tengas
Venir
Affirmative/negative Tú form
Ven
No vengas
Put the book here
Pon el libro aquí
Make the bed.
Haz la cama
Come to the kitchen
Ven a la cocina
Go to the living room
Ve a la sala
Have the money by tomorrow
Ten el dinero para mañana
Don’t put the shoes on the table
No pongas los zapatos en la mesa
Don’t say anything
No digas nada
Don’t make the beds
No hagas las camas
Don’t leave now
No salgas ahora
Don’t come tomorrow
No vengas mañana
Don’t be selfish
No seas egoísta
Don’t go shopping today
No vayas de compras hoy
Affirmative commands with object pronouns
The object pronoun(s) are attached directly to the end of the imperative verb
¡Estúdialo!
Give me the book
Dáme el libro
Leave me in peace
Déjame en paz
Do me a favor
Hazme un favor
Tell us the secret
Dinos el secreto
Stand up
Levántate
Bring me the book
Tráigame el libro
RID pronoun rule.
What happens when both the direct and indirect start with an ‘L’
The indirect changes to a ‘se’
Dáselo
Give it to him
Go to bed
Acuéstate
Tell me a story
Dime un cuento
Put it here
Ponlo aquí
Go away
Vete
Tell it to us
Dínoslo
Sing it to her
Cántasela
Do it for yourself
Háztelo
Negative commands with object pronouns
With. What I’ve commands, the object pronoun(s) precede the verb in its imperative form. RID still applies.
No me mires
No le des el dinero. Don’t give him the money
No lo pongas allí
No lo hagas
No se lo digas. Don’t tell it to him
No los compres
Don’t go away
No te vayas
Don’t stand up
No te levantes
Don’t go to bed
No te acuestes
Don’t give it (f) to him
No se la des
Don’t tell it (m) to them
No se lo digas
Usted commands
Have the same form for affirmative and negative commands
- Begin with the present tense first-person singular yo form
- Remove the o ending
- For ar verbs add e. For er and ir add a
Hable, como, escriba, ponga, tenga, esté be, Dé give, comience
Read it
Usted
Léalo
Do it
Usted
Hagálo
Stand up
Usted
Levántese
Give it to me
Usted
Démelo
Don’t wait for us
Usted
No nos espere
Put it there
Usted
Póngalo allí
Tell him a story
Usted
Dígale un cuento
There are only three irregular usted commands: ir, saber, ser
Vaya, sepa, sea
Go away
Usted
Váyase
Know it (m) Usted
Sépalo
Be good
Usted
Sea bueno
Don’t go away
Usted
No se vaya
Don’t go to the party
Usted
No vaya a la fiesta
Go to the front of the room
Usted
Vaya al frente de la sala
Ustedes commands
They are the same as usted but add an N to the end to make it plural
Hablen, no coman, escriban, váyanse, sépanlo, sean amables, be kind
Sit down
Ustedes
Siéntense
Don’t leave
Ustedes
No salgan
Vosotros commands
A regular affirmative vosotros command is formed by simply dropping the -r from the infinitive and adding the letter -d
Trabajad, bebed, escribid, saberlo know it, decídmelo, traednos la foto bring us the photo, sed simpáticos be kind, idos go away.
Boil the water
Vosotros
Hervid el agua
Stop
Vosotros
Paraos
Regular negative vosotros commands (add to yo form)
- ar add -éis
- er & -ir add -áis
No trabajéis, no bebáis, no escribáis, no me lo digáis, no nos traigáis nada, no se lo seis don’t give it to him
Nosotros commands
Both affirmative and negative generally translates to “let’s” statements in English: Let’s dance.
1. Begin with the present tense you
2. Remove the o
3. -ar add -emos: -er and -ir add amos
4. Remember to incorporate the standard orthographic changes
Hablemos, comamos, escribamos, contemos el dinero, pensemos, movamos los muebles, volvamos let’s return
Notable characteristics of commands
1. Stem changing verbs-except -ir verbs- do not change in the nosotros form.
2. Stem-changing -ir verbs show the following changes in nosotros commands:
O>ue verbs now u…..Durmamos
E>ie now I…..mintamos. Let’s lie
E>I still i ……pidamos
- Verbs ending in -car, - gar, and -zar make necessary standard orthographic changes. Toquemos el piano, paguemos la cuenta, comencemos.
Thats it
- With reflexive verbs, drop the -s of the conjugated verb before adding -nos. Otherwise, add all object pronoun directly to the end of the verb.
Levantemos + no = Levantémonos
Sentemos + nos = sentémonos
Acostemos. Acostémonos
Let’s not say anything
No digamos nada
Let’s go
Let’s not go
Vamos
No vayamos
Let’s go away
Let’s not go away
Vámonos
No nos vayamos
Let’s know
Let’s not know
Sepamos
No sepamos
Let’s be
Let’s not be
Seamos
No seamos
Let’s be kind
Seamos amables
Let’s not be cowards
No seamos cobardes (el)
Let’s be honest people
Seamos personas honradas
Let’s not go away this afternoon
No nos vayamos esta tarde
