Immunodeficiency

Question 1

Contrast public and private primary immunodeficiency.

Answer 1

Public- multiple infections with multiple bugs

Private- susceptibility to one type of infection

Question 2

What are causes of secondary immunodeficiency?

Answer 2

Malnutrition (leading cause worldwide)
HIV/AIDS (second leading cause)
Age (young/old)
Medications (e.g. immunosuppressants)

Question 3

Is primary or secondary immunodeficiency more common?

Answer 3

Secondary

Question 4

Chronic granulomatous disease is due to what defective enzyme?

Answer 4

NADPH oxidase

Question 5

Most cases of chronic granulomatous disease are inherited in what manner?

Answer 5

X linked recessive

Question 6

Chronic granulomatous disease is characterized by recurrent infections with what type of bugs?

Answer 6

Catalase positive organisms:
Nocardia
Pseudomonas
Listeria
Aspergillus
Candida
E. coli
S. aureus 
Serratia

Question 7

What is the most common primary immunodeficiency?

Answer 7

Selective IgA deficiency

Question 8

What disease is caused by defect in B cell differentiation.

Answer 8

Common variable immunodeficiency.

Question 9

What are the serologic markers of common variable immunodeficiency?

Answer 9

Decreased plasma cells

Decreased Ig

Question 10

At what age can common variable immunodeficiency present?

Answer 10

20s-30s

Question 11

Common variable immunodeficiency increases a patients risk for what other conditions?

Answer 11

Autoimmune disease
Bronchiectasis
Lymphoma
Sinopulmonary infections

Question 12

Patients with defects in the MAC are susceptible to infection with what pathogen?

Answer 12

Neisseria

Question 13

What is the CD4 count in a patient with AIDS?

Answer 13

Less than 200

Question 14

How can you look for immunodeficiency related to : anatomic barriers, phagocytic cells, cellular, humoral immunity?

Answer 14

Anatomic barriers- physical exam
Phagocytic cells- low PMN count, NBT test
Lymphocytes- CD4 less than 500
Humoral- low levels of Ig