Immunizations Flashcards
(50 cards)
One of the most cost-effective health interventions
immunizations
Infant deaths worldwide due to lack of vaccinations
2 million annually
Number of children worldwide who aren’t fully immunized
34 million (most in south asia)
Preservative that has been used in vaccines that is an organomercury compound argued by anti-vaccinationists to cause autism
Thimerosol
What might be the actual reason for the increase in autism?
greater awareness of autism among parents and professionals, together with a widening concept of autism
Type of immunization that involves ANTIGEN ADMINISTRATION (either live, killed, or derivative of a microorganism) or a toxoid.
active
benefits of active immunity
provides long term immunity
When is meaningful immunity achieved for active immunizations?
2 to 4 weeks after vaccination.
Name the four common live viruses
MMR, Varicella, Zoster, Nasal-Spray Flu vaccine
Type of immunization that involves administration of preformed ANTIBODY (such as immunoglobulin)
Passive
Advantage and disadvantage of passive immunizations
results in immediate protective immunity, but the immunity is short-term (3-6 months)
Given within 12 hrs of birth to babies born to HBsAG+ mother
Hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIG)
administered to children who are at risk for severe RSV
Palivizumab (Synagis)
Any suspension containing antigenic molecules derived from a microorganism, given to stimulate an immune response to an infectious disease.
Vaccine
Key point to remember if you are administering more than one live vaccine
they should either be done on same day at different injection sites or 4 weeks apart
Although vaccines are extremely safe, what might be common side effects?
fever, local rxns at injection sites, serum sickness-like reaction
Type of vaccines that should be avoided during pregnancy or in adults who are immunocompromised
all live virus vaccines
Vaccine that should be avoided in pt who has anaphylactic rxn to neomycin or streptomycin
MMR- it contains neomycin
Vaccines that are prepared in embryonated chicken eggs and should be avoided in pts with h/o of anaphylaxis to eggs
measles, mumps, influenza, yellow fever
T/F With exception to allergies to neomycin, streptomycin, or polymyxin B, allergies to antibiotics are NOT a contraindication to vaccine administration
true
T/F Vaccines are contraindicated in patient’s with mild respiratory, intestional, or flu-like illness, low grade fever or h/o of a recent illness
false- common misconception
T/F History of seizures is a contraindication to vaccine administration
false-common misconception
When is pregnancy in a household contact a contraindication for administration of the varicella vaccine?
ONLY when the pregnant woman is not immune to varicella
Is breast-feeding a contraindication to vaccine administration?
no
