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Child Health > Immunisations > Flashcards

Immunisations Flashcards

1
Q

example of pre-exposure prevention vaccines

A 
childhood immunisation schedule
routine vaccines for elderly
travel vaccines
occupational vaccines
high risk clinical groups
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2
Q

how can the disease course be altered?

A

immunoglobulins e.g. Hep B, rabies and varicella zoster

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3
Q

define active immunity

A

weakened pathogen illicits immune response (antibodies)

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4
Q

define passive immunity

A

transfer of pre-formed antibodies (immunoglobulins) by mother to baby via placenta or from a donor

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5
Q

define herd immunity

A

vaccinated individuals stop transmission of the disease protecting those who cannot be immunised

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6
Q

two types of vaccines

A

live

inactivated

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7
Q

describe live vaccine

A

attenuated organism replicates in host e.g. measles

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8
Q

different types of inactivated vaccines

A

suspension of killed organisms
subunit vaccines either toxoid or polysaccharides
conjugate vaccines

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9
Q

contraindications to vaccines

A 
confirmed anaphylaxis
immunosuppressed
pregnancy
egg allergy (yellow fever and flu)
severe latex allergy
acute/evolving illness
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10
Q

why should immunisation schedules be stuck too?

A

coincides with period most at risk of infection

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11
Q

selective vaccines for at risk groups

A 
flu 
PPV23
BCG
Hep B
shingles 
travel and occupation
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12
Q

how are side effects from vaccines documented?

A

yellow card scheme

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13
Q

what is vaccinated at 2 months old?

A

diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, polio, Hep B, haemophilus influenza, menB, rotavirus and PCV

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14
Q

what is vaccinated for at 3 months?

A

diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, polio, haemophilus influenza, Hep B and rotavirus

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15
Q

what is vaccinated for at 4 months?

A

diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, polio, haemophilus influenza, Hep B, menB and PCV

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16
Q

what is vaccinated for at 12-13 months

A

menB, PCV, Haemophilus influenza, MenC and MMR

17
Q

what is vaccinated for at 3 years 4 months- 5 years

A

MMR

diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis and polio

18
Q

what is vaccinated for at 2-12 years

A

flu

19
Q

what is vaccinated for at 12-13 years?

A

HPV

20
Q

what is vaccinated for at 13-14 years?

A

diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis and MenACWY

21
Q

what causes meningococcal disease?

A

neisseria meningitis

22
Q

peaks of incidence for meningococcal disease

A

<5 years old

15-24 years old

23
Q

define elimination of disease

A

reduction to zero of incidences of specified disease in an area

24
Q

define eradication of a disease

A

permanent reduction to zero worldwide

25
Q

what can H. influenza B cause

A

meningitis
septicaemia
epiglottits

Child Health (26 decks)

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