4th Year Neonatology

Question 1

what do two doses of steroids prior to delivery decrease risk of?

Answer 1

RDS
sepsis
IVH
NEC

Question 2

drugs given in the neonatal period

Answer 2

• vitamin K
• caffeine in early pre-terms
• ABIDEC (multivitamin) + sytron (iron/ sodium feredate)

Question 3

what is NEC?

Answer 3

widespread necrosis in small and large intestine

Question 4

when does NEC tend to occur?

Answer 4

when recovering from RDS

Question 5

presentation of NEC

Answer 5

lethargy
bloody stool
bilious vomit
abdominal distension
temperature
apnoea

Question 6

diagnosis of RDS

Answer 6

CXR

airbronchogram has ground glass appearance

Question 7

prevention of RDS

Answer 7

betamethasone or dexamethasone offered to all women at risk of delivery 23-35 weeks

Question 8

management of RDS

Answer 8

low level oxygen
curosurf
aim sats at 85-93% to prevent ROP

Question 9

what is IVH

Answer 9

bleeding into the germinal matrix

Question 10

when do most IVH occur?

Answer 10

first day of life

Question 11

RF for IVH

Answer 11

RDS

Question 12

management ofROP

Answer 12

diode laser therapy

Question 13

screening criteria for ROP

Answer 13

<1500g

<32 weeks

Question 14

when does physiological jaundice occur?

Answer 14

2-5 days

Question 15

causes of jaundice in the first 24 hours

Answer 15

sepsis
ABO incompatibility
RhD incompatibility
red cell anomalies e.g. spherocytosis

Question 16

unconjugated jaundice causes

Answer 16

physiological
breast feeding
hypothyroid
galactosaemia

Question 17

conjugated jaundice causes

Answer 17

biliary atresia

neonatal hepatitis

Question 18

management of jaundice

Answer 18

phototherapy

exchange transfusions

Question 19

what is kernicterus?

Answer 19

clinical feature of acute bilirubin encephalopathy due to unconjugated bilirubin accumulation in basal ganglia> CP +SNHL

Question 20

BPD

Answer 20

oxygen requirement beyond 36 weeks + pulmonary parenchymal disease

barotrauma

continued lung growth over 2-3 years, wheezy

Question 21

management of nappy rash

Answer 21

sudocream

if candida give clotrimazole cream

Question 22

minor derm neonatal problems

Answer 22

strawberry naevus
milia
erythema toxicum
stork marks
neonatal acne

Question 23

contraindications to breast feeding

Answer 23

HIV +ve mother
amiodarone
antithyroid drugs
opiates