immune system charts and difficult stuff Flashcards
3 APC cells
macrophages, dendritic cells, B cells
B cell receptors
recognize soluble macromolecules and small chemicals
T cell receptors
recognized processed antigen fragments presented by HLA /MHC on APC
what do helper t cells make
cytokines: IL 2 and IF gamma
tell me about helper t cells
CD 4
recognize class 2 MHC
make cytokines IL2 and IF gamma
tell me about cytotoxic t cells
CD 8
recognize class 1 MHC
kill virally infected and tumor cells
what are NK cells enhanced by
antibodies and helper t cells
what are the specific APC
B cells
where do memory cells reside
bone marrow or lymph nodes and go to the site of infection when needed
what is IL 2 stimulated by
IL 1, IL6 and TNF
what does IL 1, IL6 and TNF respond to
fever, inflammation, infection, and injury
what does IL 2 target
helper t cells, cytotoxic t cells, NK cells, and B cells
what is the function of IL 2
stimulate proliferation and promote conversion of plasma cells
what do plasma cells arise from
b cells
what does IF type 1 do (alpha and beta)
stimulate cells to make antiviral proteins and prevent viral replication in host
where is IF type 2 (gamma) secreted from
NK cells and helper t cells
what does IF type 2 stimulate
proliferation and secretion of cytotoxic compounds
where are cytokines secreted? what do they target?
secreted from damaged cells and target neutrophils and WBC
function of cytokines?
assist in injury and inflammation; facilitate accumulation of WBC at site of injury and inflammation
where is CSFS secreted? what do they target?
secreted from macrophages that target bone marrow
what does CSF do
stimulate proliferation of neutrophils and monocytes
3 functions of helper t cells?
- secrete IL
- convert b cells to plasma cells
- keep NK cells, macrophages, cytotoxic t cells, and helper t cells active
what is delayed hypersensitivity mediated by?
helper t cells and macrophages
what is immune complex hypersensitivity mediated by?
antigen-antibody complexes deposited in tissue
what is cytotoxic hypersensitivity mediated by?
antibodies that lead to damage of cells such as in hemolytic diseases of newborns
what is immediate hypersensitivity mediated by?
IgE, mast cells, eosinophils
ex of delayed hypersensitivity?
poison oak/ivy, TB test
ex of immune complex hypersensitivity?
lupus
ex of cytotoxic hypersensitivity?
Rx factor
ex of immediate hypersensitivity?
inhale/food allergy
