pulmonary Flashcards
what do we need O2 for
cell metabolism
what is CO2 a waste product of
cell metabolism
which respiratory tract consists of resident flora
URT
which respiratory tract is sterile
LRT
the chest wall is AKA
thoracic cage
what are the muscles of inspiration
diaphragm, intercostal muscles, and abdominal muscles
what does the thoracic cage/chest wall consist of
muscles of respiration and rib cage
this is responsible for warming and moistening the air and trapping things in mucus
nasal cavity
where are the pharyngeal tonsils located
nasopharynx
where are the palatine tonsils located
posterior wall of oral cavity
palatine tonsils are made of_____
lymphoid tissue
what does the larynx consist of
2 pairs of vocal cords
this is a common paassage way for food and air
oropharynx
what happens during swallowing to prevent aspiration
epiglottis closes over the glottis
the trachea is lined with these cells
pseudostratified ciliated epithelium
bronchial tree divisions
primary bronchi- sec bronchi- bronchioles- terminal bronchioles- resp. bronchioles- alveolar ducts- alveoli
this is the end pt for inspired air
alveoli
alveoli are lined with…
simple squamous epithelium
which pharynx are in the upper air way
naso and oro
what connects the URT and LRT
larynx
bronchi are part of the ___________
conducting airways
does gas exchange occur in the bronchi
NO
what does the respiratory zone consist of/
respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts, and alveoli
type 1 alveolar cells
alveolar structure
type 2 alveolar cells
surfactant production
what do conducting airways do
move air from ext environment to areas of gas exchange
terminal respiratory units are also called
acini
what do the pores of kohn do
allow air to pass btwn alveoli so air is distributed evenly
this forms the blood air barrier
capillary and alveolus
alveolar capillary unit?
site of gas exchange in lungs
what does the alveolar capilllary membrane consist of
alveolar epithelium, alveolar bsmt membrane, interstitial space, capillary epithelium, capillary bsmt membrane,
pulmonary circ has a ______ pressure than systemic pressure (18mmHg)
lower
where does pulm artery enter the lungs
hilus
draining pulm veins are ______ from the airways
distant
boyles law says….
airflow depends on the pressure gradient and flows from high to low
during ______, atmospheric pressure is higher than presser in alveoli
inspiration
during ______, alveoli pressure is higher than pressure in atmosphere
expiration
tidal volume
air entering lungs during normal breath
residual volume (RV)
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