Immune response to viruses

Question 1

Which cells of the adaptive immune system deal with intra- and extra- cellular

Answer 1

Intracellular - T-cells

Extracellular - B-cells

Question 2

When can the adaptive immune system attack microbes

Answer 2

At any stage of microbial pathogenesis.

Can also neutralise toxins.

Question 3

What happens when APC binds to lymphocytes (T and B cells)

Answer 3

The lymphocyte with the right receptor for antigen will rapidly expand (replicate)

Question 4

How do cytotoxic T cells kill viruses

Answer 4

Binds to receptor of infected cell (presenting correct antigen) and releases cytotoxins, destroying the cell

Question 5

What cytotoxins do CD8 T cells release

Answer 5

Perforin - Punctures hole in cell wall

Granzyme - Causes programmed cell death

Question 6

What antibody is produced during first exposure

Answer 6

IgM

Question 7

What antibody is produced during second exposure

Answer 7

IgG

Question 8

What are the two componants of vaccines

Answer 8

Antigen - attenuated molecule recognised by immune system

Adjuvant - Enhances/stimulates immune response

Question 9

What does attenuated mean

Answer 9

Repeated passage through non-human cells - removes lots of pathogenic qualities