Imaging of the Urinary Tract Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 main imaging modalities used when imaging the urinary system?

A
  • X-ray
  • ultrasound
  • CT scans
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2
Q

A Kidney Urinary and Bladder (KUB) X-ray can be effective at identifying what in patients?

A
  • kidney stones
  • BUT CT has now superseded this
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3
Q

Are the ureters generally seen on an X-ray?

A
  • no
  • unless contrast is used
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4
Q

What is the intravenous urography (IVU)?

A
  • patients are given an injection of contrast dye
  • CT and X-ray can then be performed
  • BUT CT is better
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5
Q

According to the NICE guidelines, when should a CT KUB (kidneys, ureters & bladder) be offered to a patient?

A
  • in urgen cases within 24 houra
  • patient presents with renal colic (renal related pain)
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6
Q

What are caculi?

A
  • refers to stone
  • so kidney stone
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7
Q

What would be some of the more common reasons to have an X-ray, CT scan, ultrasound or MRI in patients with suspected urinary system problems?

A
  • renal colic
  • tumour
  • kidney stones
  • pathophysiology
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8
Q

What is a CT urogram?

A
  • injection of a contrast dye into the patient
  • contrast dye can be detected on X-ray or CT
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9
Q

If a CT urogram has been performed, but the clinician remains unsure about the diagnosis, what would the next imaging modality of choice be?

A
  • MRI
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10
Q

The CT urogram is the imaging modality of choice in the urinary tract. However, at times an MRI may be required, what are a few instances where this may be the case?

A
  • clinician requires further investigation of urinary tract
  • staging or urinary/renal cancer
  • patient has kidney disease
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11
Q

What is an MR renal angiography used for?

A
  • to look at blood vessels of the urinary system
  • identify aneurysm, stenosis
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12
Q

What does percutaneous mean?

A
  • accessing something through the skin
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13
Q

Fluroscopy is a method that shows continous X-rays on an image. When would this be used in the urinary system?

A
  • when a known pathophysiology is present
  • when other imaging methods are not able to scan
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14
Q

What is commonly the first line imaging modality in the urinary tract?

A
  • ultrasound
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