ILA: CHEST PAIN

Question 1

Describe the relationship between cardiac output and blood pressure with the autonomic nervous system.

Answer 1

Parasympathetic nerves increase peripheral blood vessel diameter, thus decreasing systemic vascular resistance, and decreasing blood pressure.

Question 2

If the end diastolic volume in a healthy person’s left ventricle is 120 ml, what would you expect the end systolic volume to be?

Answer 2

50 ml

Note: stroke volume = 70 ml

Question 3

When to atrial and ventricular diastole occur in relation to each other?

Answer 3

Together

Question 4

Consider the pressure changes in the heart and decide which pressure is most affected in the following situation. Increase in this signifies left heart failure:

Answer 4

Left ventricular end diastolic pressure

Question 5

Consider the pressure changes in the heart and decide which pressure is most affected in the following situation. Increase in this signifies mitral valve stenosis:

Answer 5

Left atrial end systolic pressure

Question 6

What is the function of the ductus arteriosus in the foetal cardiovascular system?

Answer 6

Allow blood to bypass the foetal lungs by shunting it from the pulmonary artery to the aorta.

Question 7

Give the equation for cardiac output.

Answer 7

Heart rate x stroke volume

Question 8

Pulmonary oedema in the presence of normal central venous pressure is a sign of:

Answer 8

Left heart failure

Question 9

Sever pulmonary hypertension is a cause of:

Answer 9

Right heart failure

Question 10

Shortness of breath, severe peripheral oedema and ascites after a heart attach indicates:

Answer 10

Biventricular failure

Question 11

Describe the normal pathway of conduction through the heart.

Answer 11

SAN –> contraction of the atria –> AVN –> bundle of His –> Purkinje fibres –> contraction of ventricles

Question 12

Which artery most frequently supplies the AVN?

Answer 12

Left coronary artery