EOM: ENDOCRINE Flashcards
What does the posterior pituitary gland develop from?
Neural ectoderm
Iodine insufficiency impairs foetal thyroid hormone development. What is the main subsequent effect this has on a developing foetus?
Impaired neural development
What is the function of enkephalins?
Pain control
- Secreted by adrenal medulla
- Bind to opioid receptors
What are corticosteroids derived from?
Cholesterol
- Derived from lipids so lipid-soluble –> can pass through biological membranes and bind to specific intracellular receptors
Name 3 effects of mineralocorticoids.
- Na+ resorption
- Myocardial collagen production
- Blood pressure regulation
True of false: testosterone is stronger than androstenedione.
True
- Androstenedione is a precursor of testosterone - a weak steroid hormone which promotes axillary and pubic hair growth
- There is increased testosterone production during puberty –> less androstenedione involvement
What is release by delta cells of the pancreas?
Somatostatin
What is the function of the parathyroid hormone?
Increase intestinal calcium reabsorption
Where is calcitonin produced?
Parafollicular cells of the thyroid
True or false: G protein-coupled receptors are intracellular receptors used by water-soluble hormones.
False - they are extracellular
How many layers are there in the adrenal gland?
5 (including the capsule)
What is the inner epithelial lining of follicular cells of the thyroid gland?
Simple cuboidal (as most secretory glands are)
Which of the following is not secreted by the adrenal cortex?
- Aldosterone
- Cortisol
- Adrenaline
- Dehydroepiandrosterone
Adrenaline
What do beta cells of the pancreatic islet secrete?
Insulin
