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IFSTA 5 principles of water Flashcards

1
Q

Water is a compound of how many hydrogen and oxygen atoms

page 167 3rd

A

Two hydrogen

one oxygen

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2
Q

In what temperature range does water exist in a liquid state

Page 167 3rd

A

32-212

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3
Q

For fire protection purposes freshwater is generally considered to weigh how much
3rd page 167

A
  1. 33 lbs per gallon

62. 4 lbs per cubic foot

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4
Q

in what ways does Water have the ability to extinguish fire

3rd page 168

A

Cooling/absorbing heat

smother

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5
Q

Water depends on what 4 factors as an extinguishing agent

Page 136 second edition

A

Specific heat
latent heat of vaporization
exposed surface area
specific gravity

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6
Q

Define specific heat

Page 136 second edition

A

A measure of heat absorbing capacity of a substance

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7
Q

What unit is used to measure amount of heat transfer

Page 136 second edition

A

British thermal unit

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8
Q

What is a btu?

Page 136 second edition

A

The heat required to raise the temperature of 1 pound of water by 1°

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9
Q

Define latent heat of vaporization

Page 137 second edition

A

The quantity of heat absorbed by substance when it changes from a liquid to a vapor

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10
Q

Each pound of water requires approximately ——- BTUs of additional heat to completely convert into steam

Page 137 second edition

A

970

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11
Q

The speed with which water absorbs heat transfer is proportional to what
Page 137 second edition

A

The water surface exposed to the heat

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12
Q

At 212°F water expands approximately ——- its original volume

Page 138 second edition

A

1700

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13
Q

Define specific gravity

Page 168 3rd

A

The density of liquids in relation to water

water = 1
less than 1 = floats
greater than 1 = sinks

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14
Q

Define force

3rd page 171

A

simple measure of weight, expressed in pounds/kgs

Influence causing changes in speed direction shape of a substance

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15
Q

When a nozzle is above the pump there will be

Page 146 second edition

A

Pressure loss

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16
Q

Define critical velocity

Page 181 3rd

A

friction becomes so great that resistance agitates the entire system

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17
Q

Where is the primary water supply obtained

Page 152 second edition

A

Surface water or ground water

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18
Q

Define primary feeders

Page 184 3rd

A

Large pipes relatively widespread providing large quantities of water to various points of the system for Local distribution to smaller mains

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19
Q

Define secondary feeders

Page 185 3rd

A

Network of intermediate size pipes within various loops of the primary feeder system aiding the concentration of require Fire

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20
Q

Define distributors

Page 185 3rd

A

Grid arrangement of smaller mains serving individual fire hydrants and blocks of consumers

21
Q

Which type of valve is most commonly used in public water distribution systems
Page 186 3rd

A

Non-indicating valves

22
Q

Define average daily consumption

Page 188 3rd

A

Total amount of water used in a water distribution system over the period of one year

23
Q

True or false private water distribution systems are most often found in residential developments
188 3rd

24
Q

define altitude

Page 176 3rd

A

Geographic position of object in relation to sea level

25
define friction loss | Page 177 3rd
Loss of pressure created by the turbulence of water moving against the interior walls of the hose or pipe
26
what is the first principle of pressure | pg 172 3rd edition
fluid pressure is perpendicular to any surface on which it acts 90 degrees , water pushes on ocean floor
27
what is the second principle of pressure | pg172 3rd edition
Fluid pressure at a point in fluid at rest is the same intensity in all directions test tube of water getting confined
28
what is the third principle of pressure | pg 172 3rd edition
Pressure applied to a confined fluid is transmitted equal in all directions
29
what is the fourth principle of pressure | pg173 3rd edition
Pressure of a liquid in an open vessel is proportional to its depth
30
what is the fifth principle of pressure | pg173 3rd edition
Pressure of a liquid is proportional to the density of that liquid
31
what is the sixth principle of pressure | pg174 3rd edition
Pressure of a liquid at the bottom of a vessel is independent of the shape of the vessel
32
 what term is used to define a pressure less than atmospheric pressure pg 175 3rd edition
vacuum
33
what term is used to define height of a water supply above the discharge orifice pg175 3rd edition
head pressure
34
what term defines stored potential energy available to force water through pipes, fittings hose BEFORE it flows from a hydrant? pg175 3rd edition
static pressure
35
What term defines portion of the total available pressure not being used to overcome friction loss or gravity while forcing water through pipes fittings hoses Page 176 3rdedition
Residual pressure
36
what term defines forward velocity pressure resulting from water being discharge through an opening page 176 3rd edition
flow pressure
37
what is the first principle of friction loss page 178 3rd edition
If all other conditions of the same friction loss varies directly with the length of the hose or pipe
38
what is the second principle of friction loss | page 178 3rd ed
Friction loss varies approximately with the square of the increase in the velocity of the flow ————————- 200 gpm to 400 gpm, 4x the psi
39
what is the third principle of friction loss | page 179 3rd ed
friction loss varies inversely as the fifth power of the diameter of the hose
40
what is the fourth principle of friction loss | page 179 3rd ed
Friction loss is approximately the same regardless of the pressure on the water
41
what elements do engineers use to estimate amount of water a community needs page 183 3rd ed
Domestic industrial and fire fighting use
42
define a distribution system | page 184 3rd ed
Part of an overall water supply system that receives the water from a pumping station and delivers it throughout the area
43
define a grid system | page 184 3rd edition
Water supply system that utilizes lateral feeders for improved distribution
44
how many pounds is one cubic foot of water weigh 3rd page 167
62.4 lbs per cubic foot
45
How much psi does a column of water 2.304 feet in height exert at its base 3rd page 171
1psi
46
A pressure of how much psi is required to reduce water volume by 1% 3rd page 179
30,000 psi
47
how often should valves be operated in the water system 3rd page 186
at least once a year
48
define pressure | 3rd page 170
Force per unit area exerted by a liquid or gas measuring pounds per square inch

Apperatus Tech Test (44 decks)

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