Engine Ops Flashcards

1
Q

Classical decision making

A

step by step logic analyze the situation identify problem create solutions

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2
Q

naturalistic decision making

A

intuitive reaction sights sounds memory

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3
Q

The three categories of fire service training

A

self study
company training
multiunit

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4
Q

Flashover

A

between growth in fully developed stages

all substances reach ignition temperature at once

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5
Q

Backdraft

A

during decay stage

heated gases reach ignition temperature and explode when oxygen is introduced

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6
Q

Thermal layering

A

Gases layer up do the temperature differences

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7
Q

Stratification

A

Layering of smoke and gas clouds during fire

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8
Q

pyrolysis

A

Combustible gas is driven from substances due to heat it feels

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9
Q

Four stages of fire growth

A

incipient- ignition chain reaction occurs

growth- development rollover extension

fully developed- all contacts involved

decay- all oxygen consumed reversal air movement

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10
Q

Heat release rate of modern materials compared to ordinary

A

Modern materials do this 10X faster than older materials

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11
Q

Hydraulic ventilation

A

Fog nozzle 2’ from opening 80% of opening covered

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12
Q

Ventilation considerations

A

where is the fire
what is currently ventilated
what effect will further vent have
where are the hose lines

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13
Q

Five steps in risk assessment

A
Life hazard 
fire conditions
 victim survivability 
structural stability
 resources
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14
Q

Tactical withdraw

A

Transition offense of the defensive remove crews from structure from top down

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15
Q

Water conversion to steam ratio

A

1:1700 at 212 degrees

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16
Q

Reach of mercury monitor

A

Smoothbore/ Street stream 185 feet medium fog 50 feet

wide fog 25 feet

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17
Q

Estimating hose line stretches per a structure

A

setback + width + length + 25 feet per floor + 50 feet at point of attack

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18
Q

Adults

A
Advanced fire conditions
 defensive operations
 unknown fire location
 large open area 
tons of water
 standpipes
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19
Q

what actions can only the engine officer call for?

A
water 
open nozzle 
stream type and direction
 line advancement or retreat 
stream shut down
20
Q

Latent heat of vaporization

A

quantity of heat absorbed by substance when it changes from a liquid to a vapor

21
Q

Time available to Flowmaster streams with no water supply

A

60 to 90 seconds

22
Q

Fixed gallonage fog nozzle

A

Preset GPM regardless of pattern standard 100 psi low pressure 50 to 75 psi

23
Q

Select gallonage fog nozzle

A

Operator manually change is GPM

24
Q

Nozzle reaction
smoothbore
equation

A

1.57 X D^2 X NP

25
Nozzle reaction equation fog nozzle
.0505 X GPM X Square root of nozzle pressure 50 psi = 7.05 80 psi = 8.9 100 psi = 10
26
Three elements needed prior to a response
Incident type location address run order
27
Roll over
Flames present in layers of smoke occurs during growth phase
28
Victim survivability profiling
Human threshold for heat 212° oxygen less than 10% atmospheric death CEO at 200 ppm dead for 12 seconds
29
Except for single-family dwellings it is important to determine positioning for at least the first ——- engine companies in the ——— truck companies during preplanning
2 engines | 1 truck
30
How often should companies attempt to conduct a building walk-through
Once a tour
31
Today’s fires burn at a rate ——- times faster with rapidly increasing he compared to fires just 20 years ago
10
32
When does flash over occur
Between growth in fully developed stages
33
Define radiation feedback
Ceiling and walls heat the smoke and gases giving off by the burning materials and the combustible contents of the room
34
Define heat release rate
Energy released overtime
35
Smoke density and color together or indicator of what
Flammability
36
Velocity and pressure are indicators of what two things
amount of heat and flowpath
37
What does smoke volume indicate
Amount of fire and fuel
38
When does size up begin
Prior to the call walk-throughs training
39
Define lift
Smoke level rising increasing the distance of clean air at the floor level
40
If smoke is encountered from floor to ceiling companies must check wear for possible fire
Floor below
41
How fast Smoke is moving is a good indicator of the fires —— and it’s ——to the fires location
Intensity and proximity
42
what two categories are greatest threat to safety on the fireground?
Advanced fire conditions | collapse potential
43
with CO levels at 200,000 ppm human is unconscious and will be dead in how many seconds
4-12
44
penciling reduces heat in compartment by what percent
50-60%
45
If a fire fighter arrives at point of attack with too much hose on the shoulder what type of hose line stretch they do
Alley stretch
46
how many BTUs can 1 pound of water absorb
970 BTUs