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Alimentary System > IBD > Flashcards

IBD Flashcards

1
Q

What is the main histological difference between UC and CD?

A

CD - presence of granulomas

UC - absence of granulomas

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2
Q

What type of pattern does inflammation follow in CD?

A

Skip lesions

In a non-continous way

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3
Q

What layers of the gut wall are generally affected in CD?

A

Generally all the layers

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4
Q

What layer/s of the gut wall are affected in UC?

A

Generally only the mucosa

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5
Q

What type of pattern does inflammation follow in UC?

A

Continous manner

No Skip lesions

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6
Q

What part of the GIT does UC affect?

A

The colon only

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7
Q

What part of the GIT does crohn’s affect?

A

Can affect any part of the gut tube

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8
Q

What are the main symptoms in UC?

A

Rectal bleeding
Blood in stools
Mucus stools

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9
Q

What do the symptoms of CD depend on?

A

The location of the inflammation

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10
Q

What would be possible symptom in Crohn’s colitis?

A

Bloody diarrhoea

Loss of mucus

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11
Q

What type of Crohn’s could lead to malabsorption?

A

Ileal Crohn’s

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12
Q

What are the investigations for UC?

A

Endoscopy
Colonoscopy
Sigmoidoscopy
Tissue biopsy for pathology

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13
Q

What are the investigations for CD?

A 
Lab tests
Anaemia 
CRP 
LFTs 
Endoscopy
AXR
Barium studies 
Endoscopy 
Colonoscopy 
Sigmoidoscopy
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14
Q

What is the treatment for IBD?

A 
Aminosalicylates – (anti-inflammatory)
Oral or rectal admission depending on where is closer to the site of main inflammation
Corticosteroids Immunosuppressant’s
Biologics 
Infliximab  - form of immune suppressor
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15
Q

What is the action of aminosalicylates?

A

Anti-inflammatory

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16
Q

What is infliximab a form of?

A

Immune suppressor

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17
Q

What is the risk with infliximab?

A

Malignancy 1-2%

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18
Q

What is required to put a patient on immunosuppressants?

A

Specialist care and close monitoring

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19
Q

What type of appearance is Crohn’s said to have on endoscopy?

A

Cobblestone

20
Q

What is IBD?

A

Chronic relapsing inflammatory

21
Q

What are the two types of IBD?

A

Ulcerative Colitis

Crohn’s

22
Q

Where does UC affect?

A

Only the colon

23
Q

Does Crohn’s demonstrate continous or skipping inflammation?

A

Skipping

24
Q

Does UC demonstrate continous or skipping inflammation?

A

Continous

25
Q

Which age does UC peak at?

A

20-40

26
Q

Who is UC more common in M or F?

A

F

27
Q

What are the symptoms of UC?

A

Bloody diarrhoea
Abdo pain
Weight loss

28
Q

Where does inflammation always start in UC?

A

In the rectum

29
Q

Where does the inflammation in UC spread?

A

Rectum proximally

30
Q

What is classified as a severe attack of UC?

A 
Stool frequency >6 stools a day with blood 
AND 
Fever >37.5 
>90bp (tachycardia)
ESR raised 
Anaemia Hb <10g/dl
Albumin <30g/l
31
Q

Are M or F more affected with Crohn’s Disease?

A

Equal

32
Q

Where does Crohn’s disease affect?

A

Anywhere from mouth to anus

33
Q

What type of lesions are present in CD?

A

Skip lesions

34
Q

What are the clinical features of CD?

A

Depends on which region is affected

35
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of CD?

A 
Diarrhoea 
Abdo pain 
Weight loss 
Malaise 
Lethargy 
Anorexia 
Malabsorption (anemia, vitamin deficient ect..)
36
Q

What signs in the blood can suggest IBD?

A 
High ESR
High CRP 
High platelet 
High WCC 
Low Hb 
Low albumin
37
Q

What can be present in a stool sample suggesting IBD?

A

Calcprotectin

38
Q

In which IBD are granulomas present?

A

CD

39
Q

In which IBD are goblet cells depleted?

A

UC

40
Q

In which IBD can fistulae be present?

A

CD

41
Q

What are differential diagnoses for IBD?

A

Chronic diarrhoea
Ileo-caecal TB
Infective, amoebic and ischaemic colitis

42
Q

What is a potential long term complication of UC?

A

Colonic carcinoma

43
Q

What are the surgical indications for Crohn’s disease?

A 
Failure of medical management 
Relief of obstructive symptoms 
Management of fistulae 
Management of intra-abdominal abscess 
Management of anal conditions 
Failure to thrive
44
Q

Is CD curative?

A

No

45
Q

Rx for IBD

A

5ASA
Corticosteroids e.g prednisolone
Immunosuppressants e.g azathioprine
Biologics e.g infliximab

Surgery if unable to manage

Alimentary System (29 decks)

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