Alimentary Formative Flashcards
A 45 year old man undergoes gastrectomy for treatment of a benign ulcer. Which of the following hormones is likely to be most deficient as a result?
A. Cholecystokinin B. Gastrin C. Motilin D. Secretin E. Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide
B. Gastrin
A 20 year old main consulted his GP complaining of bloating of his stomach after eating. A barium meal showed normal gastric mucosal appearances but delayed gastric emptying. The excess production of which hormone may be responsible for this?
A. CCK B. Gastrin C. Motilin D. Secretin E. Somatostaitn
A. CCK
A 34 year old man undergoes pH monitoring of his stomach as part of a physiology trial. The pH of his gastric secretion is found to be 1.0. What mechanism is responsible for achieving this?
A. Alpha amylase B. Endopepitdase C. Hydrogen/potassium adenosine triphosphatase D. Lipase E. UPD-Glucuronyl transferase
C.Hydrogen/potassium adenosine triphosphatase
A digestive tract enzyme may be initially released in an active form. What is the best term to describe this compound? A. Enterokinase B. Enzyme C. Polypeptide D. Protease E. Zymogen
E. Zymogen
A 19 year old man ate a large bar of white chocolate. Which of the following digestive processes is most important to promote the digestion of this food? A. Conjugation B. Emulsification C. Enterohepatic circulation D. Glycolysis E. Phosphorylation
B. Emulsification
A 23 year old male with a history of alcohol misuse presented with acute upper abdominal pain and vomiting. He was found to have raised serum amylase. What is the most likely diagnosis? A. Acute appendicitis B. Acute pancreatitis C. Cholangitis D. Dissecting aortic aneurysm E. Peptic ucler
B. Acute pancreatitis
A 47 year old man was referred for investigation of impaired defaecation. Which of the following mechanisms best describes the normal defeacation mechanism?
A. Stretch receptors in the rectal wall activate both sympathetic and parasympathetic centres in the spinal cord.
B. Stretch receptors in the rectal wall activate para centers in the spinal cord
C. Stretch receptors in the rectal wall activate sympathetic centers in the spinal cord
D. The external anal sphincter contracts
E. The internal anal sphincter is consciously relaxed
B
A 45 year old woman has surgical removal of her distal ileum to treat IBD. Which of the following vitamins is she at risk of becoming deficient in? A. Vitamin B1 B. Vitamin B5 C. Vitamin B6 D. Vitamin B12 E. Vitamin C
D. Vitamin B12
A 24 year old man has inherited defect and is unable to produce intrinsic factors. The absorption of which of the following substances is most likely to be impaired? A. Bile salts B. Free amino acids C. Glucose D. Vitamin B12 E. Water
D. Vitamin B12
A 55 year old man presents with a 6 week history of progressive painless jaundice and weight loss. On inspection he is jaundices. Abdominal palpation is normal. What is the most likely diagnosis? A. Crohn's disease B. Diverticular disease C. Duodenal ulcer D. Pancreatic cancer E. Renal carcinoma
D. Pancreatic cancer
A 30 year old man presents with jaundice. He has been complaining of intermittent right hypochondrial pain and nausea for several months but the pain has worsened His urine is darker than usual and his stools are pale. Which imaging test is most appropriate in the first instance? A. Abdominal radiograph B. Abdominal USS C. CT D. Isotop liver scintigraphy E. PET
Abdominal USS
A 45 year old man is stabbed in the lower chest. The knife cutes most of the vagus nerve fibres around the oesophagus. He makes a good recovery. Which of the following is most likely to occur as a result of the nerve injury?
A. Delayed gastric emptying
B. Increased gastrin secretion
C. Increased intestinal peristalsis
D. Increased pancreatic enzyme production
E. Reduced bile production
A. Delayed gastric emptying
A 40 year old man has a total colectomy to treat colonic carcinoma. The operation is curative. Which of the following is most likely to occur as a result of his operation? A. Constipation B. Excessive water retention C. Hyponatremia D. Reduced absorption of Vitamin A C. Reduced glucose absorption
C. Hyponatremia
A 70 year old woman presents with jaundice. she has been complaining of right abdominal pain and altered bowel habit for several months. On examination she has a hard craggy mass in her right iliac fossa and hepatomegaly. An abdominal ultrasound is performed. Which of the following is the most likely finding in the liver at ultrasound?
A. Cholecystitis
B. Gall stones impacted in the common bile duct
C. Liver abscess
D. Macronodular cirrhosis
E. Multiple liver metastases
E. Multiple liver metastases
A 70 year old man presented with abdominal pain, vomiting and abdominal distension. He reported absolute constipation. An abdominal radiograph shows multiple dilated loops of bowel. Which of the following bowel findings on abdominal x-ray would be in keeping with small bowel obstruction?
A. central distribution of loops of bowel
B. Haustral mucosal folds
C. Peripheral distribution of loops of bowel
D. Relatively few loops
E. Wide angle of curvatures of loops of bowel
A . Central distribution of loops of bowel
