Colorectal Surgery Flashcards
What are the functions of the colon and rectum?
Fluid and electrolyte balacne Waste management Continence Removal of fluid Formation of faeces
What are the 4 layers of the gut tube?
Mucosa
Submucosa
Muscularis externa
Seroa
What is the superior rectal artery a continuation of?
The IMA
Is the parasympathetic or sympathetic division of NS stimulatory to the colon?
Parasympathetic
Which division of the NS is inhibitory to the colon?
Sympathetic
What do the majority of colorectal cancers arise from?
Pre-existing polyps
What are clinical signs of colorectal cancer?
Intestinal obstruction
Abdominal mass
Abdominal tenderness
Ascites
What are the symptoms of colorectal cancer?
Anaemia Rectal bleeding Abdominal pain Change in bowel habit Weight loss Fatigue
What are the investigations for colorectal cancer?
Colonoscopy + biopsy
CT
Barium Enema
What classification is used for the staging of colorectal cancer?
TNM
Duke Classification
What can be done if liver metastases are present?
Partial hepatectomy
What colon pre screening tests are available for 50 and over?
FOBT biannually
Under which circumstances would you receive more regular bowel screening?
FH CRC Previous CRC HNPCC FAP IBD
What do patients complain of in bowel obstruction?
Change in bowel habit People going less often People going more often Change in continence Bleeding Pain Non-intestinal manifestations
