IAH4 - Innate immune signalling and effector functions

Question 1

4 effector functions of innate immune system

Answer 1

Chemotaxis of new phagocytes
Interferon response
Activation of adaptive
Acute phase response (systemic)

Question 2

What mediates innate signalling?

Answer 2

Pattern recognition receptors

Question 3

What do PRRs recognise?

Answer 3

Pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs)

Question 4

What 3 tissue compartments can PRRs be found?

Answer 4

Free receptors in serum (mannose binding lectin)
Membrane bound phagocytic receptor in macrophage and neutrophils
Endosomal (cytoplasm)

Question 5

Name a PRR free in serum?

Answer 5

Mannose binding lectin

Question 6

Name a PRR in membrane

Answer 6

TLR2

Question 7

Name a PRR in cytoplasm

Answer 7

TLR3

Question 8

What PAMP does TLR4 recognise?

Answer 8

LPS

Question 9

Name some PAMPs

Answer 9

LPS
DsRNA
bacterial DNA
Peptidoglycan

Question 10

What transcription factors does TLR4 activate?

Answer 10

NF-kB and interferon TF

Question 11

What do NLRs respond to?

Answer 11

Inra-cellular infections

Peptidoglycan = PAMP

Question 12

Mutation of the PRR, NLR causes what disease?

Answer 12

Chrons

Question 13

Function of TNF

Answer 13

Increase vascular permeability = increased entry of IgG, complement = inflammation

Question 14

Function of IL12

Answer 14

Activate NK

Question 15

Type 1 interferons

Answer 15

IFN alpha and beta

Question 16

What cells secrete type I interferon? how?

Answer 16

Virally infected cells (by engagement of TLR3 or RIG)

Question 17

What is the consequence of IFN alpha and gamma release?

Answer 17

INCrease of MHC class I and antigen presenting - activating NK

Question 18

What do NK release?

Answer 18

Interferon II

IFN gamma

Question 19

Function of IFN gamma

Answer 19

Activates T cells and macrophages

Question 20

What organs/cells involved in acute phase response?

Answer 20

Liver, bone marrow, hypothalamus, fat, muscle, DC