Hypothesis practice

Question 1

Relaxation therapy is more effective than standard care in decreasing pain perception and use of pain medications in adults with chronic arthritic pain

Answer 1

directional (decreasing)
research/alternative (IS MORE)
causal (therapy)
complex

Question 2

Age, family support, and health status are related to the self-care abilities of nursing home residents.

Answer 2

associative
complex (3 variables)
research
non-directional

Question 3

Heparinized saline is no more effective than normal saline in maintaining the patency and comfort of a heparin lock.

Answer 3

null
complex ( 2 DV - comfort and patency)
casual
non-directional

Question 4

Poor health status is related to decreasing self-care abilities in institutionalized older adults.

Answer 4

simple
directional
associative
research

Question 5

Low-back massage is more effective in decreasing perception of low-back pain than no massage in patients with chronic low-back pain.

Answer 5

research/associative
casual
directional
simple (1 DV 1 IV)

Question 6

Healthy adults involved in a diet and exercise program have lower low-density lipoprotein (LDL), higher high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and lower cardiovascular risk levels than adults not involved in the program.

Answer 6

directional
casual (compare)
complex (multiple variables)
research

Question 7

Time on the operating table, diastolic blood pressure, age, and preoperative albumin levels are related to the increased development of pressure ulcers in hospitalized older adults.

Answer 7

complex
directional
associative (age related)
research

Question 8

There are no differences in complication rates or incidence of phlebitis between patients in whom heparin locks are changed every 72 hours and those in whom locks are left in place for up to 168 hours.

Answer 8

null
casual
complex (2 DV)
non-directional

Question 9

Nurses’ perceived work stress, internal locus of control, and social support are related to their psychological symptoms.

Answer 9

associative
complex
non-directional
research

Question 10

Cancer patients with chronic pain who listen to music with positive suggestions of pain reduction have less pain than those who do not listen to music.

Answer 10

directional (less pain)
dependent
IV (music or not)
simple
research
casual