Hypothalamic Releasing and Inhibiting Hormones and related materials Flashcards
hypothalamus—Anterior Pituitary–Target tissue/Response
thyrotropin releasing hormone
TRH stimulates thyroid stimulating hormone release from AP
TSH stimulates T3 and T4 hormones from thyroid
hypothalamus–Anterior Pituitary–Target tissue/Response
GnRH
Gonadotropin Releasing hormone stimulates LH and FSH release from AP
FSH acts to develop the ovaries, spermatogenesis in the testes
LH stimulates ovulation, estrogen, progesterone production in ovaries, and testosterone production in the testes
hypothalamus–Anterior Pituitary–Target tissue/Response
CRH
corticotropin releasing hormone stimulates adrenocorticotropic hormone from AP, which stimulates cortisol release
stimulates adrenal cortex to release cortisol
hypothalamus–Anterior Pituitary–Target tissue/Response
GHRH
stimulates release of growth hormone from AP which stimulates growth, decreases glucose uptake, increases protein synthesis, organ size, and lean body mass
hypothalamus–Anterior Pituitary–Target tissue/Response
stomatostatin
inhibits release of GH and TSH from AP
hypothalamus–Anterior Pituitary–Target tissue/Response
Prolactin inhibiting hormone
aka dopamine
inhibits prolactin release from AP
prolactine stimulates lactation and inhibits FSH, LH, and GnRH
bitemporal hemianopsia
pituitary adenoma compresses the optic chiasm, causing issues with peripheral vision
pituitary adenoma that compresses itself =
hypopituitarism , causes headaches
Follicule Stimulating hormone
stimulated by
inhibited by
effect
gonadotroph, secreted by basophils
Stimulated by
GnRH from hypothalamus
inhibited by
inhibin
feedback inhibition by estrogen in females
effect
FSH stimulates ovarian follicle maturation and estrogen production in females, stimulates sertoli cells to produce sperm in males
Luteinizing Hormone
stimulated by
inhibited by
effect
gonadotroph, secreted by basophils
stimulated by
GnRG from hypothalamus
inhibited by
feedback inhibition by estrogen and progesterone in females, and testosterone in males
effect
LH triggers ovulation and stimulates ovarian production of estrogen and progesteron in females
promotes Leydig cell production of testosterone in males
Adrenocroticotropic Hormone (ACTH)
stimulated by
inhibited by
effect
corticotroph, secreted by basophils
stimulated by
CRH from hypothalamus
inhibited by
feedback inhibition by glucocorticoids (cortisol)
effect: stimulates adrenal cotext to release glucocorticoids and androgens
Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)
stimulated by
inhibited by
effect
thyrotrophs (basophils)
stimulated by
TRH from hypothalamus
inhibited by
feedback inhibition by thyroid hormones (T3/T4)
Effect
stimulates thyroid gland to release T3/T4 to control metabolism
Prolactin
stimulated by
inhibited by
effect
mammotrophs/lactotrophs (acidophils)
stimulated by
prolactin releasing hormone and TRH, from from hypothal
inhibited by
prolactin inhibiting hormone
effect
stimulates milk production and promotes lactation
inhibits GnRH and thus FSH & LH
Growth Hormone (GH)
stimulated by
inhibited by
effect
somatotrp[hs (acidophils)
stimulated by
GHRH from hypothalamus
hypoglycemia, low levels of FAs, high blood levels of a.a and exercise
effect
indirectly stimulates overall growth of bone and soft tissue via production of insulin like growth factor-1 aka somatomedin
Kallman Syndrome
hypogonadotropic hypogonadism
genetic mutation that prevents migration of GnRH neurons to arcuate nucleus/olfactory neurons
ADH
where it is produced, stored, stimulant, receptors for ADH, and effects
produced mostly in the supraoptic nuclei, although some produced in the paraventricular nuclei
stored in herring bodies in the pars nervosa
hypothalamic baroreceptors and osmoreceptors monitor salt and pressure levels, stimulate pars nervosa to secrete ADH
acts on V2 receptors in distal convoluted collecting ducts, causes water retention and concentrates urine
POTENT vasoconstrictor at high doses (via V1 receptors)
Oxytocin
where it is produced, stored, stimulant, receptors for ADH, and effects
produced by paraventricular nucleus, stored in posterior pit.
helps uterine contractions during child bird, facilitates milk ejection
“feel good hormone” released during cuddling
