Hypose

Question 1

Hypoglycaemia is defined as plasma glucose under ?mmol /L, but ? thresholds for symptoms are variable. Symptoms are ? or ?;

Answer 1

3
indiv
autonomic
neurogylcopenic

Question 2

Autonomic;
o ?.
o Anxiety.
o ?.
o Tremor.
o ?.

Answer 2

sweating
hunger
palpitations

Question 3

Neuroglycopenic;
o ?.
o Drowsiness/?.
o ?.

Answer 3

confusion
coma
seizures

Question 4

In episodes of hypoglycaemia, the a cells of the pancreas will release ? which works to;

Increase ?.
Increase ?.
Inhibit ? synthesis.

Answer 4

glycogenolysis
gluconeogenesis
glycogen

Question 5

In ?, the a cells become ? to ? in glucose, making patients more vulnerable to hypose.

Aetiology of hypoglycaemia;
Excess ?.
o Inhibits hepatic ? and ?.
o Either exogenous, or ?.
Depletion of hepatic glycogen;
o ?, fasting, exercise or ?.
o ? failure can also cause this.
? insufficiency, ? insufficiency and non-pancreatic ? can also cause  hypoglycemia.

Answer 5

t1
insensitive
falls
insulin
gluconeogenesis
glycogenolysis
insulinoma
malnutrition
alcohol
hepatic
adrenal
pituitary
neoplasms

Question 6

If able to ?;
Promptly consume ?-? g of a ?-acting form of ?, preferably in ? form.
o Avoid ?/? as sugar content lower, and fats may delay ? emptying.

Answer 6

swallow
10-20
fast
carb
liquid
chocolate/biscuits
gastric

Question 7

If able to ?
Recheck blood glucose levels after ?-? minutes.
o Hypoglycaemia should be reversed in about ? minutes.
o Improvements in signs and symptoms may ? ? improvement in blood glucose.

If inadequate response, ? as above and recheck again.
When symptoms improve, the patient should eat some ?-acting
?.

Answer 7

swallow
10-15
10
lag behind
repeat
long
carbs

Question 8

If unconscious/ unable to ? (severe hypoglycaemia).

Administer ? ? immediately.
o If years: ?mg
o If >? years: ?mg
If glucagon not available, the patient has consumed ?, or the person does not respond to glucagon within ? minutes, call ? for emergency hospital ?.
o Glucagon is not effective if ? has been consumed.

Answer 8

swallow
IM Glucagon
8
.5
8
1
alcohol
10
999
transfer
alcohol

Question 9

If the patient responds to glucagon, advise intake of ?-acting ? when able.
? is common during recovery, which can precipitate further episodes
of ?.
o If episodes recur, the patient may require ? ? for ? treatment.

Answer 9

long
carbs
vomiting
hypose
hospital emergency
IV

Question 10

Within hospital, ?ml of ?% ? can be used as an alternative to glucagon, and this can be repeated ? times.
o If IV access is not available, administer ? ? whilst gaining access.
Following recovery, never omit ? in patients with ?.

Answer 10

100ml
20%
glucose
3
IM Glucagon
insulin
T1