Diabetic Nephropathy + Macrovascular Complx

Question 1

Nephropathy
It usually manifests ?-? years after diagnosis.
? is the leading cause of premature death in ? diabetics.
o Nephropathy will eventually affect ?%.
The single most important intervention here is adequate ? ? control.

Answer 1

15-25
ckd
young
30
blood pressure

Question 2

Nephropathy
Test every patient ? monthly for ?, i.e. ? urine dip but early morning albumin:creatinine ratio >?.
Every patient with ? should be started on an ?, regardless of blood ?.

Answer 2

6
microalbuminuria
negative
3
microalbuminuria
ACEi
pressure

Question 3

Macrovascular

Diabetes is a risk factor in the development of ?.
Increased risks;
o 2x Increased risk of ?
o 4x Increased risk of ?.
o 5Ox Increased risk of ? for ? .

Answer 3

atherosclerosis
stroke
MI
amputation
gangrene

Question 4

Macrovascular

Treatment for DM only has a modest effect on ? risk .
Risks are the same as for generalised ? in non-diabetics, however are increased with increasing ?, increasing ? of symptoms and also in poor ?

Answer 4

CV
atherosclerosis
age
duration
control