Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Flashcards
1
Q
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: Define
A
Enlarged portion of myocardium Functional impairment Leading cause of death in young athletes Autosomal Dominant 50% = Sporadic Affects 1/500
2
Q
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: Aetiology
A
Idiopathic Amyloidosis Sarcoidosis Haemochromatosis Scleroderma Loffer's Eosinophilic Endocarditis Endomyocardial Fibrosis
3
Q
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: Symptoms:
A
Asymptomatic Exertional Syncope/Pre-Syncope Breathlessness - on exertion Chest Pain - exertional Fatigue Palpitations Sudden Death
4
Q
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: Signs:
A
Double Apex Beat Jerky Pulse Wave in JVP Systolic Thrill at lower sternal edge. Harsh Ejection Systolic Murmur - increases with Valslva manoeuvre and decreasing on squatting.
5
Q
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: Investigations:
A
Cardiac Catheterisation -> VT
CXR
ECG - LHV, progressive T wave inversion, deep Q waves, AF, WPW Syndrome , Ventricular Ectopics, VT.
ECHO: look for MR, SAM, ASH, (systolic anterior movement, mitral valve, Asymmetrical septal hypertrophy.
Also look for small LV cavity with hyper contractile posterior wall, mid-systolic closure of aortic valve.
6
Q
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: Treatment:
A
Beta Blockers or Verapamil (symptoms) Amiodarone - Arrythmias - AF, VT ACG Dual-chamber pacing Septal Mycomectomy Implantable Defibrillator Calcium Channel Blockers GENERAL MEASURES: Avoid dehydration, avoid heavy exercise, explore family history.
