Cardiovascular Medicine EMQs 2

Question 1

Elevated JVP with absent pulsation

Answer 1

Superior Vena Cava Obstruction

Question 2

Giant Systolic V Waves

Answer 2

Tricuspid Regurgitation

Question 3

Raised JVP that rises on inspiration

Answer 3

Tricuspid Stenosis - Rheumatic fever.

Question 4

Cannon a Waves

Answer 4

Complete Heart Block

Question 5

Raised JVP that rises on inspiration

Answer 5

Constrictive Pericarditis

Question 6

A 26 year old woman presents acutely unwell with dyspnoea. ECG shows sinus tachycardia, deep S waves in I, inverted T waves in III and Q waves in III.

Answer 6

Pulmonary Embolus

Question 7

Dominant R in V1, inverted T waves in V1-V3, deep wide S waves in V6.

Answer 7

Right Bundle Branch Block

Question 8

Prolonged QT, flattered T waves, prominent U waves.

Answer 8

Hypokalaemia

Question 9

Sinus rhythm, bifid p waves best seen in II, V3 and V4.

Answer 9

Mitral Stenosis

Question 10

A 65 year old man presents with chest pain radiating to the jaw. The ECG shows ST segment elevation in II, III, and aVF, with T wave inversion in V5, and V6.

Answer 10

Inferior Myocardial Infarction.

Question 11

ECG of a 55 year old being treated for hypertension shows tall tended T waves.

Answer 11

Hyperkalaemia

Question 12

A 34 year old man presents to A&E after a road traffic accident. The ECG shows pulseless electrical activity.

Answer 12

Cardiac Tamponade

Question 13

An 85 year old man with pneumonia complains of palpitations. The ECG shows absent p waves.

Answer 13

Atrial Fibrilation

Question 14

ECG of 45 year old man with sarcoidosis shows an M pattern in V5 and inverted T waves in I, V5-V6.

Answer 14

Left Bundle Branch Block.

Question 15

ECG of an 8 year old girl shows normal P waves and QRS complexes but shows T wave inversion in V1.

Answer 15

Normal ECG.

Question 16

A 30 year old woman presenting with hypertension is found to have hypokalaemia and a mild metabolic acidosis.

Answer 16

Conn’s Syndrome

Question 17

An anxious 26 year old woman presents with episodes of chest pain and palpitations precipitated by stress and smoking. Her 24 hr urine shows elevated catecholamines.

Answer 17

Phaechromocytoma

Question 18

A 45 year old woman presents with weight gain, muscle weakness and hirsutism. On examination she is hypertensive and has pedal oedema.

Answer 18

Cushing’s Syndrome

Question 19

A 40 year old man is brought to A&E with severe headache. On examination he has papilloedema and fundal haemorrhages. His BP is 220/145 mmHg.

Answer 19

Malignant Hypertension

Question 20

Hypertension in a 75 year old who is a heavy smoker with widespread peripheral vascular disease.

Answer 20

Renal Artery Stenosis.