Hyoid, Larynx and Teeth Flashcards
Name the bones of the skull:
- temporal bone (talking)
- parietal bone (penguins)
- occipital bone (order)
- nasal bone (noodles)
- lacrimal bone (like)
- maxilla (me)
- incisive bone (in)
- zygomatic bone (zoo)
- Frontal bone (family)
- mandible (meals)
Name some of the veins in the head
- Dorsal lingual V
- lingual V
- sublingual V
- Linguofacial V
- External jugular V
- Maxillary V
Name some of the arteries in the head
- Transverse facial artery
- maxillary artery
- linguofacial artery
- external carotid artery
- common carotid artery
- occipital artery
- internal carotid artery
What are the functions of the hyoid apparatus?
- Attachment structure for the tongue and for muscles in the floor of the oral cavity
- holds larynx in place
-supports pharynx
Where is the hyoid apparatus located?
and how many bones does it contain?
- in the larynx, between pharynx and trachea
- 5 bones
Name the bones in the hyoid apparatus and state which are paired and unpaired
- Basihyoid - unpaired (billy)
- thyrohyoid - paired (threw)
- ceratohyoid - paired (cake)
- epihyoid - paired (especially)
- stylohyoid - paired (scones)
What does the stylohyoid bone articulate with?
- articulates with base of the skull at the petrus temporal
What does the thyrohyoid bone articulate with?
- articulates with thyroid cartilage of larynx
What is the larynx made up of and what does it provide?
- 9 cartilages
- 6 paired
- 3 unpaired
- -provides rigidity and stability
What cartilages make up the larynx and state whether they are paired or unpaired
- arytenoid - paired
- sesamoid - paired
- interarytenoid - paired
- cricoid - unpaired
- thyroid - unpaired
- epiglottis - unpaired
What are the muscles of the larynx?
- cricothyroid muscle
- circoarytenoideus dorsalis
- cricoarytenoideus lateralis
- thyroarytenoideus
- vocalis
What are teeth?
- a hard resistant structure in or on jaws and mouth of vertebrates
What are teeth used for?
- used for catching, masticating food, defence and other specialised purposes
What are the different types of teeth?
- incisors
- canines
- premolars
- carnassial
- molars
Name the components that make up a tooth?
- enamel
- dentin
- pulp
- gum (gingiva)
- cementum
- blood vessels
- periodontal ligament
- lateral canals
- nerve
- alveolar bone
What is heterodonty?
- teeth differentiated into incisors, canines and molars
What is homodonty?
- teeth of similar form
Where are carnassial teeth located?
- last premolar on the maxillary
- first molar on the mandible
What is the dental formula?
I - C - P - M (Maxillary)
divided by
I- C- P - M (mandible)
x 2
= number of teeth
Where is the tooth located?
- lies in the socket in jaw bone = alveolus
Describe the crown and location
- located above gingiva
- covered by enamel
- meets root at cemento-enamel junction (CEJ) = neck of tooth not normally visible
Where is the root of the tooth located?
- below the gingiva
- may be one or more
- where diverge = furcation angle
What is the apex of the tooth?
- the end of root
what is the hardest substance in the body?
- enamel
What is the role of dentine?
- main supporting structure of tooth
- 2nd hardest substance
What does cementum do?
- it covers the root
- attached to periodontal ligament
What is the word for teeth development?
- odontogenesis
What do all teeth form from?
- oral epithelium and underlying mesenchymal cells
What determines teeth development?
- determined by genes and has limited environmental impact
What leads to the development of the dental placodes?
- a series of signals
What do dental placodes initiate?
- initiate development of individual teeth
Once the primary enamel knot (at the tip of the tooth bud) it formed what is initiated?
- intiates bud-to-cap stage
- transition and tooth crown formation
What do enamel knots induce?
- induce formation of third set of signalling centres
- the secondary enamel knots and determines sites of tooth cusps in molars
What does a problem in signal pathways lead to?
- aberrations
what are deciduous teeth?
- ones that are continuously replaced
What is the name of the specific region that teeth arise from?
- teeth arise from specific regions of the dental epithelium = dental lamina
- subsequent teeth originate from the successional dental lamina, associated with previous tooth - forms as extension from the primary dental lamina
What are distemper teeth in dogs?
- enamel dysplasia , enamel doesn’t from correctly
