Hw Questions over unit 4

Question 1

What is one of the most common chronic childhood diseases in developed nations, and a major cause of childhood disability?
A) heart disease
B) asthma
C) leukemia
D) diabetes

Answer 1

B) asthma

Question 2

China and _____ accounted for roughly 50% of all air pollution deaths in 2017.
A) India
B) Japan
C) Australia
D) US

Answer 2

A) India

Question 3

An example of point-source pollution is

A) the accumulation of nitrogen and phosphorous from various farm into a waterway .

B) pollution that is discharged from a pipe or smokestack.

C) animal waste that enters a stream as stormwater runoff.

D) acid rain that falls across a wide area due to emissions from a variety of sources such as power plants and vehicles.

Answer 3

B) pollution that is discharged from a pipe or smokestack.

Question 4

Primary air pollutants are those which are

A) released directly from a mobile or stationary source.

B) formed when pollutants react with atmospheric oxygen in the presence of sunlight.

C) only particles small enough to remain in the air for a long time.

D) formed when pollutants react with one another or other chemicals.

Answer 4

A) released directly from a mobile or stationary source.

Question 5

Anthropogenic pollution is found in remote regions of the Arctic and Antarctica, even though there are no polluting industries or cities in these areas. This is an example of

A) transboundary pollution.

B) depositional pollution.

C) environmental injustice.

D) environmental spread.

Answer 5

A) transboundary pollution

Question 6

What can be affected by air pollution besides humans?

A) animals, plants, and buildings

B) only animals

C) only living organisms like plants and animals

D) only humans

Answer 6

A) animals, plants, and buildings

Question 7

Acid deposition in the United States has _____ in recent years due to _____ air quality standards for coal power plants, but ecosystems have yet to recover from the damage.

A) increased; weaker

B) increased; stronger

C) declined; weaker

D) declined; stronger

Answer 7

D) declined; stronger

Question 8

The EPA set standards for the most common pollutants suspected to be problematic. These are called

A) deadly air pollutants.

B) criteria air pollutants.

C) point source air pollutants.

D) particulate air pollutants

Answer 8

B) criteria air pollutants.

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT a way to reduce indoor air pollution?

A) replacing carpet with wood floors

B) using all natural cleaners

C) heating the home with an open fire

D) removing shoes before entering the house

Answer 9

C) heating the home with an open fire

Question 10

The type of regulation that involves setting upper allowable limits of pollution that can be released and enforcing those limits with fines is known as

A) a subsidy.

B) tax credits.

C) command and control.

D) permit trading.

Answer 10

C) command and control.

Question 11

The difference between generating power from nuclear energy compared to other power plants is that the source of heat comes from

A) a controlled nuclear reaction.

B) geothermal heat.

C) burning coal.

D) burning biomass

Answer 11

A) a controlled nuclear reaction.

Question 12

What is the simplest form of an element that retains characteristics of that element?

A) an atom
B) a compound element
C) an isotope
D) a subatomic particle

Answer 12

A) an atom

Question 13

Atoms that have different numbers of neutrons in their nucleus, but the same number of protons, are called
A) radioactive.
B) fissionable.
C) molecules.
D) isotopes.

Answer 13

D) isotopes.

Question 14

Is U-235 or U-238 more radioactive? Why?

A) U-235 is more radioactive because it has more electrons than U-238.

B) U-238 is more radioactive because it has 238 protons instead of the normal 235.

C) U-238 is more radioactive because it is a bigger atom and thus it is less stable.

D) U-235 is more radioactive because it has a lighter nucleus since it contains fewer neutrons.

Answer 14

D) U-235 is more radioactive because it has a lighter nucleus since it contains fewer neutrons.

Question 15

A nuclear fission chain reaction begins when

A) fuel rods are heated until they split the uranium atoms inside, releasing energy.

B) fuel rods are bombarded with neutrons, causing the uranium nucleus to split and release energy.

C) fuel rods are heated until the uranium atoms inside combine and release energy.

D) fuel rods are bombarded with neutrons, causing the uranium nucleus to combine with another nucleus and release energy.

Answer 15

B) fuel rods are bombarded with neutrons, causing the uranium nucleus to split and release energy.

Question 16

How do nuclear reactors work?

A) They store radiation from a fusion reaction which runs a generator.

B) They combine atoms in a fusion reaction which releases electricity.

C) They use heat produced from a fission reaction to boil water to produce steam to spin a turbine.

D) They harness the split atoms from a fission reaction which put out electricity.

Answer 16

C) They use heat produced from a fission reaction to boil water to produce steam to spin a turbine.

Question 17

Where is the Yucca Mountain site which was selected as a long-term repository for nuclear waste?

Texas

Nevada

New Mexico

Utah

Answer 17

Nevada

Question 18

How much carbon dioxide is produced alongside electricity in a nuclear power plant compared to burning coal?

A) Three times the amount of carbon dioxide is produced compared to burning coal.

B) About the same amount of carbon dioxide is produced compared to burning coal.

C) Zero carbon dioxide is released from producing electricity from nuclear power.

D) Half of the amount of carbon dioxide is produced compared to burning coal

Answer 18

C) Zero carbon dioxide is released from producing electricity from nuclear power.

Question 19

How is evolution defined?

A) the accumulation of genetic mutations over time

B) a change in adaptations in a population from one generation to the next

C) a change in gene frequencies in a population from one generation to the next

D) the preferential survival of those individuals who are best adapted to their environment

Answer 19

C) a change in gene frequencies in a population from one generation to the next

Question 20

What is a selective pressure on a population?

A) a nonrandom influence that affects who survives or reproduces

B) something that favors all organisms in an area

C) a random influence that affects who survives or reproduces

D) only human interference is considered a selective pressure

Answer 20

A) a nonrandom influence that affects who survives or reproduces

Question 21

Organisms best adapted to their environments surviving to produce more offspring than less-well adapted individuals is a process known as

natural selection.

adaptation.

extirpation.

extinction.

Answer 21

natural selection

Question 22

Vast evidence supports the occurrence of biological evolution and the mechanisms of how it happens. This evidence has elevated evolution to the level of

proposal.

law.

hypothesis.

theory

Answer 22

Theory

Question 23

Variants of genes that account for the diversity of traits seen in a population are called

genes.

gene frequencies.

alleles.

adaptations.

Answer 23

alleles

Question 24

In natural selection, _____ are selected, whereas _____ evolve.

A) species; populations

B) individuals; populations

C) populations; individuals

D) genes; individuals

Answer 24

B) individuals; populations

Question 25

By what methods can evolution of a species NOT occur?

A) random mating that results in the loss of some gene variants

B) natural selection

C) the founder effect

D) individuals changing their own genetic makeup

Answer 25

D) individuals changing their own genetic makeup

Question 26

In a population of butterflies, individuals with large wings are more successful at evading predators than individuals with small wings. Over time, the population has fewer individuals with small wings. This is an example of

A) disruptive selection.

B) directional selection.

C) differential selection.

D) stabilizing selection.

Answer 26

B) directional selection.

Question 27

A trait that enables an individual to survive and reproduce is called

an adaptation.

an allele.

a gene.

a selection.

Answer 27

an adaptation.

Question 28

Which of the following is a secondary air pollutant?
A) Particulate Matter
B) Carbon monoxide
C) Carbon dioxide
D) Ground-level ozone

Answer 28

D) Ground-level ozone

Question 29

Which of the following is a description of climate?
A) Today’s temp is around 60
B) Overall, spring in South GA is mild and can be rainy; however, April is typically dry
C) There is another winter storm (a bomb cyclone) forecast for the northeast this weekend
D) Another Arctic mass will push south and cause lower temperatures in Statesboro this week

Answer 29

B) Overall, spring in South GA is mild and can be rainy; however, April is typically dry

Question 30

The range of Siberian Tiger used to stretch over most of Asia, but the species can only be found in a small region now. What type of extinction has occurred?
A) Biological Extinction
B) Total extinction
C) Ecological extinction
D) Local Extinction/ Extirpation

Answer 30

D) Local Extinction/ Extirpation

Question 31

The Red-Cockaded Woodpecker is on the US’s Endangered Species list. It is illegal to destroy forests that have individuals. Based on this information, what type of species best fits the woodpecker?
A) Invasive species
B) Keystone species
C) Indicator species
D) Umbrella species

Answer 31

D) Umbrella species