Chapter 1.2

Question 1

T/F- To understand and solve problems, we need physical evidence that is systematically collected, and logically analyzed

Answer 1

True

Question 2

What animal in 2007 was found in New York State where thousands were dead and a number of 6 million died from the white nose syndrome disease

Answer 2

Bats

Question 3

What two bats are in danger of extinction?

Answer 3

Grey Bat
Indiana Bat

Question 4

A body of knowledge (facts and explanations) about the natural world and the process used to get that knowledge can be described as

Answer 4

Science

Question 5

Information detected with the senses- or with equipment that extends our senses is known as

Answer 5

Empirical Observations

Question 6

The procedure scientists use to empirically test a hypothesis is known as

Answer 6

Scientific Method

Question 7

Conclusions drawn based on observations are known as

Answer 7

Inferences

Question 8

an inference that proposes a possible explanation for
what we have observed and is based on some previous knowledge is known as

Answer 8

Hypothesis

Question 9

When a researcher designs an
experiment (observational
or manipulative) and
makes an experimental
prediction this test what term?

Answer 9

Hypothesis (Testing a Hypothesis)

Question 10

A statement that identifies what is expected to happen if the hypothesis being tested is correct is known as

Answer 10

Experimental Prediction

Question 11

A process whereby researchers’ work is evaluated by outside experts to determine whether it is of a high enough quality to publish is known as a

Answer 11

Peer Review

Question 12

T/F- a hypothesis must be falsifiable and replicable

Answer 12

True

Question 13

the variable in an experiment that a researcher manipulates is known as

Answer 13

Independent variable

Question 14

the variable in an experiment that is evaluated or measured is known as

Answer 14

Dependent Value

Question 15

the mathematical evaluation of experimental data to determine how likely it is that any difference observed is due to the variable being tested is known as

Answer 15

Statistics

Question 16

You want to grow a rose garden. You want to see if adding caffeine to the soil will help you grow larger flowers. What would be your independent variable?
A. The type of garden
B. The type of flower
C. The amount of caffeine
D. The size of the flower

Answer 16

C. The amount of caffeine

Question 17

a formalized plan that addresses a desired outcome or goal is known as?
It must also be:
* informed by science.
* address the triple bottom line.
* flexible and able to adapt to new scientific findings

Answer 17

Policy

Question 18

What principle acts in a way that leaves a safety margin when the data are uncertain or severe consequences are possible

Answer 18

Precautionary Principle

Question 19

It is critical that you know how to analyze sources of
information. What is this term known as

Answer 19

Information literacy

Question 20

The variable in an experiment that a researcher manipulates is known as

Answer 20

Independent Variable

Question 21

The variable in an experiment that is evaluated or measured is known as

Answer 21

Dependent Variable

Question 22

What kind of logical fallacy is used?
A pipeline this long is sure to produce unintentional problems, and we should not act until we are absolutely sure it will be okay

Answer 22

Appeal to Ignorance

Question 23

What kind of logical fallacy is used?
Tar-sands oil contains more than 50 toxic substances known to be harmful to people and other species

Answer 23

Red Herring

Question 24

What kind of logical fallacy is used?
It should not be approved. Oil companies just care about profits and cannot be
trusted to reveal information about the dangers of the pipeline.

Answer 24

Ad Hominem

Question 25

What kind of logical fallacy is used?
The Canadian EPA has concluded that the
pipeline poses little threat to ecosystems.

Answer 25

Appeal to Authority

Question 26

What kind of logical fallacy is used?
Oil spills have occurred in other pipelines, so this one should not be allowed

Answer 26

Hasty Generalization

Question 27

What kind of logical fallacy is used?
If we don’t build these pipelines, we will not
be able to meet our oil needs of the future

Answer 27

False Dichotomy

Question 28

You and your bestie, Tayler Sweft, are discussing different means of transportation. Tayler believes that air travel is the most effective even
though each flight releases huge amounts of CO2 into the atmosphere.
Based on this, what type of worldview does Tayler have?
A. Anthropocentric
B. Biocentric
C. Ecocentric
D. Antropocene

Answer 28

A. Anthropocentric

Question 29

An implied relationship between two factors is known as

Answer 29

Correlation

Question 30

What relationship am I describing? These cannot be determined by observation, but by experimental studies.

Answer 30

Cause-and-effect relationship

Question 31

What is an example of a primary source?

Answer 31

Scientific journal

Question 32

What is an example of a secondary source?

Answer 32

Reputable newspaper or textbooks

Question 33

What is an example of a tertiary source?

Answer 33

Blog or Tweet

Question 34

What common fallacy am i describing?
draws a broad conclusion on little evidence

Answer 34

Hasty Generalization

Question 35

What common fallacy am i describing?
Presents extraneous information that does not directly support the claim but may confuse the reader

Answer 35

Red Herring

Question 36

What common fallacy am i describing?
attacks the presenter with the opposite view rather than addressing the evidence

Answer 36

Ad Hominem

Question 37

What common fallacy am i describing?
Does not present the evidence but claims an “expert” supports the position

Answer 37

Appeal to Authority

Question 38

What common fallacy am i describing?
Statement that the issue is too complex and the audience won’t understand it.

Answer 38

Appeal to Ignorance

Question 39

What common fallacy am i describing?
The argument sets up a choice that is not valid

Answer 39

False Dichotomy

Question 40

Skills that enable individuals to logically assess information, reflect on that information, and reach their own conclusions is known as

Answer 40

Critical Thinking

Question 41

T/F- Physical evidence, systematically collected and logically analyzed, helps scientists understand environmental issues,
guide policy decisions, and find solutions

Answer 41

True

Question 42

Research that gathers data in a real-world setting w/o intentionally manipulating any data

Answer 42

Observational Study

Question 43

Research that manipulates a variable in a test group and compares the response to that of a control group that was not exposed to the same variable is know as

Answer 43

Experimental Study

Question 44

An association between two variables that identifies one (the effect) occurring as a result of or in response to the other

Answer 44

Cause-and -Effect relationship