HVII's relation with foreign powers. Flashcards
Who was Anne of Beaujeu?
She was the sister of Charles VIII and acted as regent of France until Charles came of age. She set her eyes on recovering Brittany.
Who would Charles VIII marry?
Anne of Brittany. The eldest daughter of Duke Francis
What did Henry do in 1492? (brittany/france)
He launched an invasion of France in which France quickly sought a settlement.
What would the absorption of Brittany do to France?
It would significantly enhance the the power and strategic capabilities of the country.
Why did Charles VIII seek a peace settlement with Henry?
He had his eyes set on recovering Italy and therefore didn’t care much about England anymore.
What was the Treaty of Etaples?
It was a treaty signed in November 1492, wherein C8 agreed to withdraw his support for Warbeck and pay a pension to Henry to compensate for the expense of recruiting an army.
What was the Treaty of Redon?
A treaty signed in Feb 1489 wherein Duchess Anne of Brittany would pay for a small English army to defend Brittany from French threat.
Who intervened to prevent the French from taking control?
Ferdinand of Spain and the Holy Roman Emperor, Maximilian
What did Maximilian do in the Brittany crisis?
He conducted a marriage-by-proxy with Anne of Brittany
Why was Burgundy good for England?
The bulk of England’s exports (cloth, cotton, wool) went through parts of the Netherlands like Antwerp/Bruges. These places were under the jurisdiction of Burgundy
Who complicated the relationship between Burgundy and England?
Margaret of Burgundy as she was a chief supporter of Yorkist sympathies. She was the sister of Ed IV and RIII
Who is Philip of Burgundy?
He is the son of HRE Maximilian. In 1494, he was handed jurisdiction of the Netherlands.
When did Maximilian become HRE?
1498
What did Henry do when the relations between Burg and Eng deteriorated?
He imposed a trade embargo showing that he was willing to sacrifice the commercial interests of London and the east coast merchants?
What did Burgundy do in terms of Warbeck?
They harboured him
What were the relations like once Warbeck left Burg?
They improved
What did Philip and Max agree to do?
They agreed to hand over the Earl of Suffolk in which Henry imprisoned him in the ToL.
What is the Intercursus Magnus?
A major commercial treaty between Eng and Burg which restored normal trading links. 1496.
What is the Intercursus Malus?
Trade agreement from 1506. It never became fully operative and by the following year trade relations had restored under the Intercursus Magnus. It involved the Treaty of Windsor.
Who was Spain ruled by?
Ferdinand of Aragon and Isabella of Castille.
What did each Eng and Spain promise?
Not to harbour rebels or pretenders and to offer mutual protection in event of an attack
Who would Prince Arthur marry?
He was set to marry Catherine of Aragon, the daughter of Ferdinand and Isabella, in 1502
When did Ferdinand and Isabella marry?
1469 and this helped to bring the two kingdoms together.
What happened in 1504? (spain)
Isabella died and this weakened the perception and the next few years saw Ferdinand involved in conflict to reassert his control over Castille.
What happened after Arthur died?
Henry tried to ask Ferdinand to marry Catherine to his younger son Prince Henry but HVII soon lost interest .
What is the Treaty of Medina-del-Campo?
It was a treaty wherein Spain and Eng agreed not to harbour pretenders as well as to make arrangements for Arthur/Catherine marriage and to offer mutual protection. 1489.
What is the Treaty of Windsor?
This strengthened HVII’s relationship with Juana (sister of Catherine) and Philip with the return of Earl of Suffolk. It was also a proposed marriage between HVII and Philip’s sister, Archduchess Margaret which would strengthen Henry’s rule after his wife died.
Why was Scotland a threat to England?
They were allies with France
What did Scotland provide to Yorkist rebels?
Shelter
What happened in 1495? (scotland)
King James IV offered hospitality to Warbeck
How long did Warbeck stay in Scotland?
2 years and married Lady Catherine Gordon (The King’s cousin)
What did James encourage Warbeck to do?
To cross the Eng border in 1496 with an army.
How did Henry retaliate to this invasion (warbeck and scots)?
He raised a larger army to launch an invasion of Scotland.
What happened to Anglo-Scots relations in 1497?
They improved as James had no use for Warbeck who was executed in 1499. The improvement in relations lasted till the end of Henry’s reign.
Who did James marry in 1503? (scotland)
Princess Margaret (daughter of HVII)
What is the Treaty of Perpetual Peace?
A treaty that agreed that James could marry Henry’s daughter. 1502.
What was Henry’s power in Ireland?
It extended as far as the Pale, which was an area of land surrounding Dublin
Who was the Earl of Kildare?
He was the leader of Geraldines and had Yorkist sympathies as well as supporting Lambert Simnell. He had crowned Simnell king of Ireland in 1486 and supported Warbeck in 1491
What did Henry do with the Pale?
He adopted a costly approach over the rule of the ‘Pale’ through an Englishman, backed by armed force.
What did Henry do regarding Ireland?
He appointed Prince HVIII as Lieutenant of Ireland and Sir Edward Poynings as the deputy.
Was Poynings successful in establishing royal authority?
He was initially by using the threat of force and bribery.
What was Poynings Law?
This stated that the Irish Parliament couldn’t pass a law without the prior approval of English Crown. 1495.
What did Henry try to do? (ireland)
He tried to integrate English law into Ireland which proved to be expensive as Warbeck returned to Ireland in 1495 and amassed a force which besieged the town of Waterford
What did Henry do as an alternative? (ireland)
He used Kildare as a deputy as it was cheaper.
What happened in 1496? (ireland)
Kildare served Henry loyally and secured submission of various chieftains.
What happened in 1500? (ireland)
Henry had secured a level of authority over Ireland
