Humanism Flashcards
What was taught in schools?
The traditional subject of Latin.
How many grammar schools were there during 1460 and 1509?
55 but education opportunities depended on where you lived and limited to the wealthy.
Where was there a new foundation of colleges?
Oxford University in the first half of 15th century
What was the most popular art form?
Drama
What did drama set out in order to morally improve their audience?
Straightforward moral and religious messages.
Where were plays presented?
In association with church-ale festivals like Bishop’s Stortford in Herefordshire in 1490.
What did the choir sing?
Independent melodic lines
When was the Eton Choirbook compiled?
- It had 93 separate musical compositions.
Where was Thomas Browne (important in the composition of the choirbook) employed in?
in the household of Earl of Oxford.
Who was Robert Fayrfax?
An important composer. He had received patronage from Margaret Beaufort and H7. Along with Browne, he composed secular songs for entertainment.
What instruments were used in these songs?
Wealthy instruments such as trumpets, shawms and sackbuts.
What style was used to build buildings?
The Gothic Perpendicular style.
When was Caxton’s printing press introduced?
1478 and it brought about a new industry of printing. Printed texts like Chaucer’s Canterbury Tales.
When did humanist influences reach England?
By the time of H7’s death in 1509. The major influence wasn’t felt until the reign of h8.
What is Humanism?
1) it is the development of the Renaissance of the 14th century and was founded on the rediscovery of original Latin and Greek texts.
2) New idea of education and learning. focused on greek and latin texts rather than the sole focus of the teachings of the Catholic Church.
What were humanists concerned with?
Establishing the reliability of Latin and Greek translations in order to purify the ideas of religious texts.
What did humanists believe in?
In the Catholic faith and the notion of free will. Their work affected religion, politics and economics. Christian humanism arose when it was applied to biblical texts.
Who were the earliest human scholars of significance?
William Grocyn (1499-1519) and Thomas Linacre (1499-1519). Grocyn began to lecture at Oxford on ideas of Plato and Aristotle. Linacre influenced by scientific thinking which he gained in Italy and took a medical degree at the University of Padua.
Who was John Colet?
(1457-1519). An influential educator who viewed humanist scholarly approaches as a means of reforming the Church from within.
Who was Desiderius Erasmus?
A renowned Dutch scholar and an ally of Colet. He visited England in 1499 and epitomised the spirit of the new learning. Friendship with Thomas More which gave a boost to humanist ideas in the early years of H8’s reign.
