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MS Theory > Hungary > Flashcards

Hungary Flashcards

1
Q

Which region of the world was the first to classify it’s regions/vineyards? When? By whom?

A

Hungary (mainly Tokaj)
1700
(Or, 1732 intro, 1772 according to some sources)
Transylvanian Prince Rákóczy

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2
Q

When did Phylloxera hit Hungary?

A

1875

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3
Q

Outline the effects of “Collectivisation” on Hungarian wine trade

A

during Soviet Rule of 1950’s-1989

huge increase in plantings, dramatic decrease in quality

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4
Q

What are the 2 largest modern trends in Hungary after fall of Iron Curtain?

A
  1. Privatization and foreign investment (Oremus (Ownership of Vega-Sicilia/Álvarez family, Hugh Johnson of Kiralyduvar/Royal Tokaj Co.)
  2. Steady trend to decrease in plantings and increase in quality
    2004-2015: 93,000 ha →64,000ha under vine
    steady trend to decrease production and increase quality
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5
Q

When did Hungary join the EU?

A

2004

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6
Q

Where does Hungary stack up on world stage in terms of production?

A

17th largest

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7
Q

When were most vineyards of Hungary replanted?

A

1990s-2000s

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8
Q

What are 3 major regions of Hungary?

A

a. North Hungary (Ésak Magyarország)
b. Transdanubia (Dunántúl) (West)
c. Great Plain (Duna) (Southern)

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9
Q

When was the earliest mention of Aszú berries?

A

1571

Likely accidentally discovered when grapes were left on the vine for local forces to prepare against the invasion of the Ottomans

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10
Q

What is the first Botrytis affected wine ever created?

A

Tokaji

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11
Q

When did vineyards of Tokaj gain UNESCO WH Site status?

A

2002

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12
Q

list major Geo Features of Tokaj

A
  • Carpathian Mtns (protect region)
  • confluence of Tisza and Bodrog Rivers
  • primary villages of Tokaj and Mád
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13
Q

outline the original classification of Tokaj from the 1700s?

A

Prince Rákóczy’s Classification
1st-3rd Growths
1st=74 vineyards

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14
Q

What are the 2 Great First Growth vineyards of Tokaj?

A

Szarvas, Mézes Mály

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15
Q

What is the general climate of Tokaj?

A

Warm continental climate w/ long humid autumns

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16
Q

soil type of Tokaj?

A

Volcanic loess, clay

History of over 400 volcanoes

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17
Q

major varieties of Tokaj?

A

**Furmint and **Hárslevelű
Furmint particularly important, susceptible to botrytis and high acid

Sárgamuskotály (Muscat Blanc à Petite Grains), Zéta (Oremus), Kabar and Kövérszőlő are authorized but generally used in small quantities.

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18
Q

how much does one puttony hold?

A

25 kg ea

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19
Q

what is a Gönc (i)?

A

barrels of must (base wine) used in production of Tokaj

Hungarian oak cask 136L

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20
Q

in what vintage were puttonyos eliminated? Caveat?

A

2013

may still be used on label for marketing purposes only

21
Q

what are req’s for Tokaji Aszu from 2013-present?

A

l-abeled as “Aszú

  • aged 2 yrs before release (min 18 mo in barrel)
  • Min RS of 120 g/l
  • Final alc of min 9% abv
22
Q

What is min RS for Tokaji Esszencia?

A

450 g/l

can be as high as 800 g/l

23
Q

What is unique about the fermentation of Tokaji Esszencia?

A

Ferments extremely slowly (difficult for yeast to survive), frequently fermented in glass

24
Q

What does Édes refer to?

A

Sweet Tokaji

25
Q

What does Száras refer to?

A

Dry Tokaji

26
Q

What law was passed in 2007 that was important to Tokaj?

A

2007 no other EU countries can use “Tokaj” or derivatives

  1. Alsace=PG as Tokay d’Alsace
  2. Friuli=Friulano as Tocai Friulano
27
Q

What are the authorized styles of Tokaj?

A
  • Tokaji Aszú
  • Tokaji Esszencia
  • Tokaji Szamorodni
  • Fordítás=refermenting wine w/ pressed paste/spent lees of Tokaji Aszú
  • Máslás=same as Fordítás
  • Tokaji Late Harvest
  • Dry varietal wines
28
Q

What is Tokaji Szamorodni?

A

(“As it comes”)=mix of Aszú/non-aszú grapes, often oxidized, aged in cask 2 yrs, sometimes flor

29
Q

What is Tokaji Fordítás?

A

refermenting wine w/ pressed paste/spent lees of Tokaji Aszú

Same style as Máslas

30
Q

What is Tokaji Máslás?

A

refermenting wine w/ pressed paste/spent lees of Tokaji Aszú

Same style as Fordítás

31
Q

What style of Tokaji is the major focus of current winemakers?

A

Dry varietal wines from Furmint

32
Q

What are some recent difficult vintages in Tokaj?

A

2011, 2012 low botrytis vintages

33
Q

What is the notable producer association of Tokaj? What is their focus? Who is the most famous member?

A

Circle of Mád

Producer association dedicated to elevating dry wines of the region.

István Szepsy key figure/Hungarian Winemaker

34
Q

Who is most influential Hungarian winemaker currently? What wines does he producer?

A

István Szepsy

Királyudvar, Royal Tokaji Co

35
Q

Who owns Tokaji Oremus?

A

Vega Sicilia (Álvarez family)

36
Q

Who owns Királyudvar & Royal Tokaji Co?

A

Englishman Hugh Johnson

37
Q

name some key producers of Tokaji?

A
  • Tokaji Oremus
  • Disznókõ
  • Királyudvar
  • Royal Tokaji Co
38
Q

What are the 2 most important regions of Northern Hungary?

A

Tokaj

Eger

39
Q

What is main style of Eger? Cépages?

A

Egri Bikavér
a. Historically Kadarka (ind, low tannin light bodied grape)

b. Modernly
i. Blend of min 4 grapes (30-50% Kékfrankos) + lots of ind and int’l grapes
Ex: Kadarka, Blauburgunder, Zweigelt, CF, CS, PN

40
Q

What are the main regions of Transdanubia?

A

i. Szekszárd
ii. Badacsony
iii. Balantonfüred-Csopak
iv. Somló
v. Villány
vi. Sopron

41
Q

What is main style of Szekszárd?

Cépage?

A

Bikavér

must be a blend of at least 3 varieties, including a minimum 40% combined Kadarka and Kékfrankos.

42
Q

Which 2 regions of Hungary are the only allowed to produce Bikavér?

A

Eger

Szekszárd

43
Q

What is the major geo feature of Balantonfüred-Csopak?

A

Lake Balaton

44
Q

Which region is the hottest in Hungary? What styles of wine?

A

Villány

BDX varietals, Kékfrankos, Kékoportó (Blauer Portugieser)

45
Q

Which region of Hungary is contiguous w/ Burgenland?

A

Sopron

46
Q

Which region of Hungary has the most acreage planted?

Why?

A

Great Plain (Duna)

Sandy soils, lots of plantings here post-phylloxera

47
Q

What is the largest region of Hungary? Styles of wine?

A

Kunság

Mass produced but fine quality table wines from mainly indigenous grapes

48
Q

What are the post 2013 terms for Tokaj wines?

A

3=Szamorodni (száraz or édes)
4= Fordítás (száraz or édes)
5= Máslás (száraz or édes)
6=Késői szüretelésű bor (“Late Harvest”)

Fehér bor=white table wines

49
Q

What does pezgo mean

A

Hungarian term for “sparkling”

MS Theory (44 decks)

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