Eastern Europe Flashcards
Why was Bulgaria 4th largest exporter of wine in 70’s-80?
UC Davis grads modernized industry w/ oak aged CS
What is the major political reason wine trade in Easter Europe has suffered in the late 20th cent?
Gorbachev’s Anti-Alcohol reform of 1985
Privatization slow after fall of USSR
When was Bulgarian wine law instituted?
1978
What is the name of the Bulgarian wine laws? How many zones? What are subzones called?
DGO (Declared Geographic Origin)
52 zones
Controliran
What are Controlirans?
In Bulgarian wine regions
Within DGOs, superior controlled appellation of origin
Must be from permitted varietals
What are Bulgarian labeling terms:
- Barik
- DGO Reserve
- DGO Special Selection
i. Barik=Fermentation oak cask of 500L or less
ii. DGO Reserve=1 yr aging
iii. DGO Special Selection=2 yrs aging
What are 5 major regions of Bulgaria?
i. Danubian Plain (North)
ii. Thracian Lowlands (South)
iii. Black Sea Region (East)
iv. Struma River Valley (West)
v. Rose Valley (Center)
What are important Controlirans of Danubian Plain?
Suhindol
Svichtov
What are important Controlirans of Black Sea Region?
Khan Krum
What are important Controlirans of Struma River Valley?
Harsovo
Melnik
What are important Controlirans of Rose Valley?
Sungulare
What is the specialty of Sungulare?
Aromatic Red Misket
What grape is most associated with the Struma River Valley?
Melnik (also Controliran)
What are major varieties of Bulgaria? Which are most planted?
R int’l=Cab/Merlot
R ind=Gamza (Kadarka), Mavrud, Melnik (Struma River Valley only), Pamid
W ind=Rkatsiteli/Dimiat (Most planted), Red Misket
when was Romanian wine law fd?
2002
What is the structure of Romanian wine law?
- Quality Wines=from recommended and auth grapes, no hybrids from 7 major regions
-DOC (Denumire de Origine Controlata), PDO des
DOC-CMD-full maturity
DOC-CT=Late harvest
DOC-CIB=botrytis-affected grapes
-VS (Vin de Calitate Superioara) PGI des - Wines for Current Consumption
- VMS =Vin de Masa Superior
- VM=Vin de Masa
Which Eastern European country shares the same line of lat as France?
Romania
What are major geographical features of Romania?
Carpathian Mtns (central) Danube River (flows east to Black Sea)
What is predominate climate of Romania?
Continental
What are major regions of Northern Romania?
Moldavia, Muntenia-Oltenia, Banat, Crisana-Maramures (Pannonian Plain)
- Ring around the Carpathian Mtns
- NW Romania (Clockwise from NE)
What is major DOC of Moldavia? Style of wine?
Cotnari DOC
i. Most famous Romanian wine
ii. Sweet wine from Grasa de Cotnari
iii. Possibly related to Furmint
iv. May blend w/ Francusa, Tămâioasă Românească, Fetească Albă, or these may be varietal wines
v. Cotnari may be dry, but sweet wines most famous
What styles of wine are produced in Mutenia-Oltenia?
Reds from CS and PN
What are major regions of Eastern Black Sea Coast of Romania?
Dobrogea, Danube Terraces
What styles of wine are produced in Dobrogea?
CS, PN, ind whites, VT chard
What is major region in Center of Romania?
Transylvania
What is most important DOC of Transylvania? Style of wine?
Tarnave DOC (High elevation, coolest region)
Whites from Fetească Albă, Fetească Regală, Traminer Rosé
What are associated varietals of Romania?
R int’l=CS, Merlot, PN
R ind=Feteasca Neagra, Burgund Mare, Băbeasca Neagră, Rosioara (Pamid in Bulgaria) for table wines
W int’l=Riesling Italico (Welschriesling), Chard, SB, Muscat Ottonel, PG
W ind=Fetească Albă and Fetească Regală most planted, Grasa de Cotnari
When did Slovenia join the EU?
2004
What are major regions of Slovenia?
- Primorska (Primorje) (Borders Friuli)
- Podravje (extreme NE)
- Posavje (Eastern Border w/ Croatia)
Which region of Slovenia is the highest quality? What are it’s 4 subregions?
Primorska
- Goriska Brda (Collio Giorziano)
- Kras (Carso)
- Koper
- Vipava
Which 2 regions of Slovenia border Friuli?
- Goriska Brda (Collio Giorziano)
2. Kras (Carso)
What is the predominant climate of Slovenia?
mild Mediterranean
What are associated varietals with Slovenia?
R int’l=Cabs, Merlot
w int’l=Refosk (Refosco), Rebula (Ribolla Gialla), Sivi Pinot (PG)
W ind=Pinela Zelen ind white
producers of Primorska?
Movia
Josko Gravner
both cross Italian borders to work their vines
Which region is the largest of Slovenia? major styles?
Podravje
Laski Rizling (Welschriesling), Diseci Traminer (Gewurtz), Renski Rizling (Riesling), Chard, SB
Which region of Slovenia borders Croatia? Major styles?
Posavje
Overwhelmingly white production from Grasevina (also Welschriesling)
Croatia is more known for reds or whites?
whites
What are 2 major regions of Croatia?
- Istria
2. Dalmatia
What is most important subzone of Dalmatia? Who is making wine there?
Dingac
Grgic Vina (Mike Grgich) producing Plavac Mali (red offshoot of Zin)
What are most associated varietals w/ Croatia?
Crljenak Kastelanski (Zin), Plavac Mali
both reds
Who discovered the relationship between Crljenak Kastelanksi and Zin?
Carole Meredith of UC Davis
What are 6 major regions of Slovakia? Which is most important?
- Small Carpathian wine region=Malokarpatská
- South Slovak wine region=Južnoslovenská
- Nitra wine region=Nitrianska
- Central Slovak wine region=Stredoslovenská
- Eastern Slovak wine region=Vychodoslvenska
- **Tokaj wine region= Tokajská
When did Slovakia adopt Hungary’s labelling terms?
2010
basics of Slovakian wine law?
- Similar to German Model
- Use Czecho-Slovak Normalized Must Weight Scale (NM)
- Called Quality Wines w/ Special Attributes
- Structure=Kabinett-TBA
What are 2 major regions of Czech Republic? Which is vast majority?
Moravia (South, 96% acreage)
Bohemia (North)
Where is Czech region of Moravia in relation to Austria?
North of Weinvertel
What is most important producer association in Moravia? What are req’s?
VOC Znojmo
in Znojmo
b. Blends or varietal of GV, SB, Riesling
c. Oak allowed, corks required
Which Eastern European region shares a line of lat w/ Rheingau?
Northern Czech Bohemia
basics of Czech wine law?
Same as Slovakia
- Similar to German Model
- Use Czecho-Slovak Normalized Must Weight Scale (NM)
- Called Quality Wines w/ Special Attributes
- Structure
a. Kabinett-TBA
What are associated varietals w/ Czech Republic?
Müller-Thurgau, Frankova (Blaufränkisch), Svatovavnnecké (St. Laurent), Syzlink Vlassky (Welschriesling), Chard, CS
Which part of Russian is most suited for viticulture?
Only Southern part of the country between Black and Caspian seas suitable for viti
What are 3 major regions of Russia?
a. Krasnodar
b. Dagestan
c. Stavropol
Which region of Russia produces the majority of their wine? Where is it?
50% in Krasnodar
On Black Sea Coast
Climate=Moderate
What is most cultivated variety of Russia?
Rkatsiteli
What are 4 major regions of Ukraine?
Crimea (Krim)
Odessa
Nikolayev-Kherson
Transcarpathian
Which 2 regions of Ukraine make up vast majority? Styles?
80% between Odessa and Crimea
Mainly traditional method sparkling wine, but some still whites/reds
What are 4 zones of production of Georgia?
Kakheti
Kartli
Imereti
Racha-Lechkhumi
predominate climate of Georgia?
subtropical
associated varietals w/ Georgia?
- Ind Red=Saperavi
- White=Rkatsiteli
- Wild vines “Vitis Vinifera Silvestris” common
What are “Vitis Vinifera Silvestris?”
Wild vines commonly found in Georgia
What is major region of Armenia?
60% production in Ararat Valley
Which country borders Moldavia in Romania?
Moldova
similar styles of wine here
What is important about the Cricova District of Moldova?
Milestii Mici (State Quality Wines Industrial Complex) houses largest wine collection in the world
a. 2 mil+ btls
b. “Golden Collection”
c. Housed in an elaborate underground network of cellars w/ own roads for 125 mi
