Human Nutrition (Summary Of Digestion) Flashcards
Where is amylase first made in the digestive system?
Salivary glands
What substance is made in salivary glands?
Amylase
Where is amylase active?
Mouth
What substance is active in the mouth?
Amylase
What substrate does amylase act on?
Starch
What substance acts on starch?
Amylase
What product is made when amylase acts on starch?
Maltose
What is the preferred pH of amylase?
7 to 9
What substances are made in the stomach lining?
Pepsin
Hydrochloric acid
Where are the substances pepsin and hydrochloric acid made?
The stomach lining
Where are pepsin and hydrochloric acid active?
The stomach
What substances are active in the stomach?
Pepsin
Hydrochloric acid
What substrate does pepsin act on?
Protein
What enzyme acts on protein?
Pepsin
What product is formed when pepsin acts on protein?
Peptides
What pH does pepsin prefer?
2
What does hydrochloric acid act on?
Bacteria and fibrous foods
What acts on bacteria and fibrous foods?
Hydrochloric acid
What is formed when hydrochloric acid acts on bacteria and fibrous foods?
Dead bacteria and softened food
What pH is hydrochloric acid?
pH 2
What substances are made in the pancreas?
Sodium hydrogen carbonate
Amylase
Lipase
Where are sodium hydrogen carbonate, amylase and lipase made?
The pancreas
What substances are active in the duodenum?
Sodium hydrogen carbonate (pancreas/liver)
Amylase
Lipase
Bile salts
What substance acts on the acidic chyme?
sodium hydrogen carbonate
What does sodium hydrogen carbonate act on?
Acid
What is formed when sodium hydrogen carbonate acts on acid?
Acid is neutralised
Neutralisation reaction - forms salt and water
What is the preferred pH of sodium hydrogen carbonate?
7 to 9
Where is the second amylase produced in the digestive system and lipase made?
In the pancreas
What does lipase act on?
Lipids
What substances acts on lipids?
Lipase and bile salts
What product is formed when lipase acts on lipids?
Fatty acids and glycerol
What pH does lipase prefer?
7 to 9
What substances are made in the liver?
2
Bile salts
Sodium hydrogen carbonate
What is produced when bile salts act on lipids?
Lipid droplets
What pH do bile salts prefer?
They don’t have a preferred pH
