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Biology: The Heart + Human Nutrition + Cell Structure > Human Nutrition (Summary Of Digestion) > Flashcards

Human Nutrition (Summary Of Digestion) Flashcards

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1
Q

Where is amylase first made in the digestive system?

A

Salivary glands

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2
Q

What substance is made in salivary glands?

A

Amylase

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3
Q

Where is amylase active?

A

Mouth

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4
Q

What substance is active in the mouth?

A

Amylase

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5
Q

What substrate does amylase act on?

A

Starch

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6
Q

What substance acts on starch?

A

Amylase

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7
Q

What product is made when amylase acts on starch?

A

Maltose

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8
Q

What is the preferred pH of amylase?

A

7 to 9

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9
Q

What substances are made in the stomach lining?

A

Pepsin

Hydrochloric acid

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10
Q

Where are the substances pepsin and hydrochloric acid made?

A

The stomach lining

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11
Q

Where are pepsin and hydrochloric acid active?

A

The stomach

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12
Q

What substances are active in the stomach?

A

Pepsin

Hydrochloric acid

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13
Q

What substrate does pepsin act on?

A

Protein

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14
Q

What enzyme acts on protein?

A

Pepsin

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15
Q

What product is formed when pepsin acts on protein?

A

Peptides

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16
Q

What pH does pepsin prefer?

A

2

17
Q

What does hydrochloric acid act on?

A

Bacteria and fibrous foods

18
Q

What acts on bacteria and fibrous foods?

A

Hydrochloric acid

19
Q

What is formed when hydrochloric acid acts on bacteria and fibrous foods?

A

Dead bacteria and softened food

20
Q

What pH is hydrochloric acid?

A

pH 2

21
Q

What substances are made in the pancreas?

A

Sodium hydrogen carbonate
Amylase
Lipase

22
Q

Where are sodium hydrogen carbonate, amylase and lipase made?

A

The pancreas

23
Q

What substances are active in the duodenum?

A

Sodium hydrogen carbonate (pancreas/liver)
Amylase
Lipase
Bile salts

24
Q

What substance acts on the acidic chyme?

A

sodium hydrogen carbonate

25
Q

What does sodium hydrogen carbonate act on?

A

Acid

26
Q

What is formed when sodium hydrogen carbonate acts on acid?

A

Acid is neutralised

Neutralisation reaction - forms salt and water

27
Q

What is the preferred pH of sodium hydrogen carbonate?

A

7 to 9

28
Q

Where is the second amylase produced in the digestive system and lipase made?

A

In the pancreas

29
Q

What does lipase act on?

A

Lipids

30
Q

What substances acts on lipids?

A

Lipase and bile salts

31
Q

What product is formed when lipase acts on lipids?

A

Fatty acids and glycerol

32
Q

What pH does lipase prefer?

A

7 to 9

33
Q

What substances are made in the liver?

2

A

Bile salts

Sodium hydrogen carbonate

34
Q

What is produced when bile salts act on lipids?

A

Lipid droplets

35
Q

What pH do bile salts prefer?

A

They don’t have a preferred pH

Biology: The Heart + Human Nutrition + Cell Structure (42 decks)

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