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Human Geography > Human Geography: Food and Agriculture > Flashcards

Human Geography: Food and Agriculture Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the three factors affecting food consumption?

A
  • Level of development
  • Physical conditions (climate)
  • Cultural preferences
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2
Q

Amount of food an individual consumes

A

Dietary Energy Consumption

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3
Q

What are the three leading cereal grains?

A
  • Maize (corn)
  • Wheat
  • Rice
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4
Q

What is the leading crop in the world?

A

Maize (corn)

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5
Q

Where is wheat the main crop?

A
  • Developed countries
  • Central Asia
  • Southwest Asia
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6
Q

Where is rice the main crop?

A
  • East Asia
  • South Asia
  • Southeast Asia
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7
Q

What country has the highest consumption of food?

A

United States

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8
Q

What is a cause for the high obesity rates in the U.S.?

A

Pesticides in produce

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9
Q

Protein needed for growth and maintenance of human body

A

Nutrients

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10
Q

What source of food do developed countries get most of their protein/nutrients?

A

Meat products

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11
Q

What source of food do developing countries get most of their protein/nutrients?

A

Cereal grains

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12
Q

Dietary energy consumption continuously below minimum requirement for maintaining a healthy life and carrying out light physical activity

A

Undernourishment

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13
Q

____ million people in the world that are considered undernourished

A

780

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14
Q

On average, world produces _______ food to meet dietary needs

A

enough

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15
Q

Deliberate modification of Earth’s surface

A

Agriculture

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16
Q

Characteristics of Agriculture

A
  • Cultivation (to care for) of plants
  • Rearing of animals to obtain sustenance or economic gain
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17
Q

Any plant cultivated by people

A

Crop

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18
Q

Characteristics of Subsistence Agriculture

A
  • Developing countries
  • Provides food for direct consumption for farmer and family
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19
Q

Characteristics of Commercial Agriculture

A
  • Developed countries
  • Production of food primarily for sale off farm
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20
Q

What is the farm size like for commercial agriculture compared to subsistence agriculture?

A
  • Larger
  • Smaller number of farms
  • Mechanization (fertilizers, herbicides, and GPS)
  • Largest amounts of capital
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21
Q

% of farmers in developed countries

A

3%

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22
Q

% of farmers in North America

A

1%

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23
Q

% of farmers in developing countries

A

42%

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24
Q

What are tropical regions of Latin America, sub-Saharan Africa, and Southeast Asia being replaced by?

A
  • Logging
  • Cattle ranching
  • Cash crops
25
Q

Characteristics of Pastoral Nomadism

A
  • Herding of domesticated animals
  • Dry climates
26
Q

Characteristics of a Plantation

A
  • Form of commercial agriculture in developing regions
  • Tropics and subtropics
  • 1 or 2 crops: cotton, sugarcane, coffee, rubber, and tobacco
26
Q

Where is wet rice dominant

A

East and South Asia

27
Q

Characteristics of Developing Agricultural Regions

A
  • Shifting Cultivation
  • Pastoral Nomadism
  • Plantation
  • Wet Rice Dominant
28
Q

What are the 6 developed agricultural regions?

A
  • Mixed Crop and Livestock
  • Dairy Farming
  • Grain Farming
  • Livestock Ranching
  • Commercial Gardening and Fruit Farming
  • Mediterranean Agriculture
29
Q

Characteristics of Mixed Crop and Livestock

A
  • Integration of crops and livestock
  • Corn (#1), soybeans (#2)
  • Most crops fed to animals
  • Involves crop rotation
30
Q

Where is dairy farming located?

A
  • Near population clusters (Northeast U.S.)
  • Milkshed
31
Q

What is a milkshed?

A

ring surrounding a city

32
Q

Characteristics of Grain Farming

A
  • Primarily for human consumption
  • Regions too dry for mixed crop and livestock farming
    –> Ex: Great Plains of North America
33
Q

______ is most important for flour

A

Wheat

34
Q

Characteristics of Livestock Ranching

A
  • Commercial grazing of agriculture over an extensive area
  • Arid or semi-arid lands
  • U.S. is leading producer of chickens and beef
35
Q

Characteristics of Commercial Gardening and Fruit Farming

A
  • Truck Farming (tomatoes, apples, lettuce)
  • Southeast U.S.
  • Specialty Farming
36
Q

Crops that have limited by increasing demand

A

Specialty Farming

37
Q

Examples of specialty farming crops

A
  • Strawberries
  • Mushrooms
  • Peppers
38
Q

Lands border Mediterranean Sea and places that share similar physical geography (California)

A

Mediterranean Agriculture

39
Q

What are examples of crops grown in Mediterranean Agriculture?

A

Olives and grapes

40
Q

Capture of wild fish and other seafood living in waters

A

Fishing

41
Q

Cultivation of seafood under controlled conditions

A

Aquaculture

42
Q

World’s oceans divided into ___ major fishing regions

A

16

43
Q

___ areas with largest fishing yield in Pacific

A

3

44
Q

About ____ of fish caught from ocean is consumed directly by humans

A

3/4

45
Q

Fish consumption increased _______ rapidly than population growth

A

more

46
Q

Capturing of fish faster than they can reproduce

A

Overfishing

47
Q

Overfishing causes ___ reduction in some fish (tuna)

A

90%

48
Q

What are the 4 challenges farmers face?

A
  • Loss of agricultural land
  • Agriculture and Water Supply
  • Food Prices
  • Drug Trade
49
Q

About ___ of world’s land area used for agriculture

A

38%

50
Q

Highest demand for water is __________

A

agriculture

51
Q

What is the greatest challenge to world food supply?

A

food prices

52
Q

What things could affect food prices?

A
  • Poor weather
  • High demand
  • Smaller productivity
  • Use of crops as biofuel
53
Q

Some ________ countries grow crops for drugs

A

developing

54
Q

What are examples of crops grown for drug trade?

A
  • Heroin
  • Cocaine
  • Marijuana
55
Q

Practice that preserves and enhances environmental quality

A

Sustainable Agriculture

56
Q

What kind of agriculture is organic farming an example of?

A

Sustainable Agriculture

57
Q

____ seeds are genetically modified to survive

A

GMO

Human Geography (13 decks)

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