Human Geography Ch. 6 Flashcards
What are the four largest religions?
- Christianity
- Islam
- Buddhism
- Hinduism
What percentage of the world’s people follow one of the 4 largest religions?
77%
Folk religions = about __ % of the world’s population
6
Affirm neither belief nor lack of belief in God or some higher power
Unaffiliated
What percentage of the world’s people are unaffiliated?
16%
Belief God does not exist
Atheism
Belief existence of God can’t be proven
Agnosticism
Characteristics of Universalizing Religion
- Attempts global appeal
- Precise places of origin
Characteristics of Ethnic Religion
- Mostly appeals to 1 group living in 1 place
- Embedded in culture where originated
Local assembly of persons brought together for common religious worship
Congregations
Large and fundamental division within a religion
Branch
How many followers does Christianity have?
2.3 billion
Where is Christianity predominant?
- North America
- South Asia
- Europe
- Australia
What are the 3 major branches of Christianity?
- Roman Catholicism (Catholic)
- Orthodoxy
- Protestantism
Roman Catholicism are ____% of the world’s Christians
50
Orthodoxy are ___% of the world’s Christians
12
Grace is achieved through faith rather than sacraments
Protestantism
How many followers does Islam have?
1.3 billion
Where is Islam predominant?
Middle East, from North Africa to Central Asia
What does “Islam” mean?
submission to the will of God
Muslim =
an adherent to Islam
What are the two branches of Islam?
- Sunni
- Shiite (Shia)
Characteristics of the Sunni branch
- Largest of the two branches
- 88% of Muslims
Characteristics of the Shiite (Shia) branch
About 40% of the remaining 12% of Muslims live in Iran
What led to there being two branches of Islam?
Disagreement over line of succession in Islamic leadership after Prophet Muhammad dies
How many followers does Buddhism have?
488 million
Where is Buddhism predominant?
China and Southeast Asia
What are the 3 ethnic religions?
- Hinduism
- Chinese Traditional Religions
- Primal-Indigenous Religions
How many followers does Hinduism have?
1.1 billion
Where are 97% of Hinduism’s followers?
India
Does Hinduism have a central authority or single holy book?
No
What are the two Chinese Traditional Religions?
- Syncretic
- Confucianism
combine several traditions
Syncretic
Confucius who teachings emphasized correct behavior
Confucianism
Characteristics of Primal-Indigenous Religions
- Believe that God dwells within all things
- Believe everything in nature is spiritual
- Most reside in Southeast Asia or South Pacific Islands
Other religions have ___ to ___ million adherents
14, 23
Characteristics of Sikhism
- One supreme being or creature who rules universe by divine will
- Men wearing turbans on heads and not cutting beards or hair
How many followers does Judaism have?
14 million
Belief in one God
Monotheism
Is Judaism monotheistic?
Yes
The Islamic holiest places are cities associated with life of _________
Muhammad
What is the holiest city for Islam?
Makkah
What is the birthplace of Muhammad?
Makkah
What is Islam’s 2nd holiest city?
Madinah
What is significant about Madinah?
Muhammad received his first support in Madinah and is buried there.
In Islam, spaces for community assembly
Mosques
Prominent elements of Buddhist lanscape
Pagoda
Are pagoda’s designed for congregational worship?
No
Characteristics of the Solstice
- Special significance in some ethnic religions
- Typically based on changing of seasons
- Necessities of agricultural cycles
Israel uses a _____ calendar
lunar
Major holidays based on events in agricultural calendar of ________
Israel
Hindus practice _______ rather than burial
cremation
What are the holiest places in Hinduism?
coastlines and riverbanks
Literal interpretations and strict and intense adherence to basic principle of a religion
Fundamentalism
Terrorist group that professes to adhere to fundamentalist Islam
The Islamic State (ISIS)
Majority of world’s Muslims do not consider ISIS to reflect true teachings of Islam (True/False)
True
What is the result of places holy to Jews, Muslims, and Christians being clustered in Jerusalem?
It makes peace hard
Characteristics of Juche
- North Korea - “self-reliance”
- Government ideology or philosophy
Jews, Muslims, and Christians have fought for control of ________
Jerusalem
To the Jewish faith, Jerusalem is considered …
The Promise Land
In Christianity, _____ is the Holy City of Jesus’s life
Palestine
In Islam, ____________ was the place where Muhammad was thought to have ascended into Heaven
Jerusalem
Places holy to Jews, Muslims, and Christians are clustered in Jerusalem, which makes __________ difficult
peace
Jews center of worship in ancient times
Temple
______________ _________ of temple survives as a site for daily prayers for Jews
-Christians and Muslims call this location the Wailing Wall
Western Wall
-Most important Muslim structure is Dome of the Rock
-This is where Muhammad ascended into Heaven
Dome of the Rock
