Human Geography Ch. 3 Flashcards
A permanent move to a new location
Migration
How is migration divided?
International Migration and Internal Migration
Permanent move from one country to another
International Migration
Permanent move within the same country
Internal Migration
What are the two types of Internal Migration?
Internal Interregional Migration and Internal Intraregional Migration
Movement from one region of a country to another
Internal Interregional Migration
Movement within one region
Internal Intraregional Migration
What is an example of Internal Interregional Migration?
Midwest to South (US)
What is an example of Internal Intraregional Migration?
Cities to suburbs
What are the 3 largest flows of immigrants globally?
- Latin America to North America
- Asia to Europe
- Asia to North America
What are the 3 migration patterns?
- Emigration
- Immigration
- Net Migration
Migration from (exit) a location
Emigration
Migration to (in) a location
Immigration
Immigrant - emigrants = ________
Net Migration
What are the characteristics of Era 1 of U.S. Immigration?
- 17th and 18th century
- UK and Africa
What are the characteristics of Era 2 of U.S. Immigration?
- Mid-19th to early 20th century
- Europe
What are the characteristics of Era 3 of U.S. Immigration?
- Late 20th to early 21st century
- Latin America and Asia
What are the characteristics of Interregional migration in the U.S.?
- Westward movement of U.S. population
- Shifting U.S. population center
What is Interregional Migration in Canada like?
Similar to the U.S.: east to west
What is Interregional Migration in China like?
Rural to Urban (factories)
What are the characteristics of Interregional Migration: Rural to Urban?
- Economic advancement (primary reason)
- developing countries
What are the characteristics of Interregional Migration: Urban to Suburban Areas?
- Attraction to suburban lifestyle
- Developed countries
What are the characteristics of Interregional Migration: Urban to Rural Areas?
- Counterurbanization
- Attraction to rural lifestyle
- Communication and transportation technology
Net migration from urban to rural areas
Counterurbanization
What are the 3 reasons to Migrate?
- Political Reasons
- Environmental Reasons
- Economic Reasons
Characteristics of a refugee
- Forced to migrate
- Can’t return for fear of persecution
- Granted refugee status while still outside U.S.
Similar to a refugee but has not crossed international borders
Internally Displaced Person (IDP)
Characteristics of an asylum seeker
- Migrates to another country in hopes of being recognized as a refugee
- Granted asylee status after entering U.S.
Environmental or political feature that hinders migration
Intervening obstacle
What is the most common environmental threat?
Water
Characteristics of Environmental Reasons to Migrate
- Pulled toward physically attractive regions
- Pushed from hazardous ones
Characteristics of Economic Reasons to Migrate
- Most migration due to jobs
- Prominent in North America and Europe
- Remittances
What are remittances?
- Transfer of money by workers to people in country from which they emigrated
- Important source of wealth for people in developing countries
What gender were most of the migrants Pre-1990s?
male
What gender are most of the migrants in the 21st century?
female
What percent do females make up of U.S. immigrants and what does it reflect?
- 55%
- Reflects changing role of women
- Looking for jobs
What age are about 49% of migrants?
young adults (25-39)
Large-scale emigration by talented people
Brain Drain
Immigrants who enter U.S. without proper documentation
Unauthorized Immigrants
What is the estimated number of unauthorized immigrants living in the US?
11 million
Where do more than 1/2 the unauthorized immigrants in the U.S. come from?
Mexico
The U.S. and Mexico border is ______ guarded
heavily
How long is the U.S. and Mexico border?
1,951 miles
Most Americans recognize ________ ________ take jobs that no one else wants
Unauthorized Immigrants
