Human Geography Ch. 3 Flashcards

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1
Q

A permanent move to a new location

A

Migration

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2
Q

How is migration divided?

A

International Migration and Internal Migration

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3
Q

Permanent move from one country to another

A

International Migration

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4
Q

Permanent move within the same country

A

Internal Migration

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5
Q

What are the two types of Internal Migration?

A

Internal Interregional Migration and Internal Intraregional Migration

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6
Q

Movement from one region of a country to another

A

Internal Interregional Migration

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7
Q

Movement within one region

A

Internal Intraregional Migration

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8
Q

What is an example of Internal Interregional Migration?

A

Midwest to South (US)

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9
Q

What is an example of Internal Intraregional Migration?

A

Cities to suburbs

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10
Q

What are the 3 largest flows of immigrants globally?

A
  • Latin America to North America
  • Asia to Europe
  • Asia to North America
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11
Q

What are the 3 migration patterns?

A
  • Emigration
  • Immigration
  • Net Migration
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12
Q

Migration from (exit) a location

A

Emigration

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13
Q

Migration to (in) a location

A

Immigration

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14
Q

Immigrant - emigrants = ________

A

Net Migration

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15
Q

What are the characteristics of Era 1 of U.S. Immigration?

A
  • 17th and 18th century
  • UK and Africa
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16
Q

What are the characteristics of Era 2 of U.S. Immigration?

A
  • Mid-19th to early 20th century
  • Europe
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17
Q

What are the characteristics of Era 3 of U.S. Immigration?

A
  • Late 20th to early 21st century
  • Latin America and Asia
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18
Q

What are the characteristics of Interregional migration in the U.S.?

A
  • Westward movement of U.S. population
  • Shifting U.S. population center
19
Q

What is Interregional Migration in Canada like?

A

Similar to the U.S.: east to west

20
Q

What is Interregional Migration in China like?

A

Rural to Urban (factories)

21
Q

What are the characteristics of Interregional Migration: Rural to Urban?

A
  • Economic advancement (primary reason)
  • developing countries
22
Q

What are the characteristics of Interregional Migration: Urban to Suburban Areas?

A
  • Attraction to suburban lifestyle
  • Developed countries
23
Q

What are the characteristics of Interregional Migration: Urban to Rural Areas?

A
  • Counterurbanization
  • Attraction to rural lifestyle
  • Communication and transportation technology
24
Q

Net migration from urban to rural areas

A

Counterurbanization

25
Q

What are the 3 reasons to Migrate?

A
  • Political Reasons
  • Environmental Reasons
  • Economic Reasons
26
Q

Characteristics of a refugee

A
  • Forced to migrate
  • Can’t return for fear of persecution
  • Granted refugee status while still outside U.S.
27
Q

Similar to a refugee but has not crossed international borders

A

Internally Displaced Person (IDP)

28
Q

Characteristics of an asylum seeker

A
  • Migrates to another country in hopes of being recognized as a refugee
  • Granted asylee status after entering U.S.
29
Q

Environmental or political feature that hinders migration

A

Intervening obstacle

30
Q

What is the most common environmental threat?

A

Water

31
Q

Characteristics of Environmental Reasons to Migrate

A
  • Pulled toward physically attractive regions
  • Pushed from hazardous ones
32
Q

Characteristics of Economic Reasons to Migrate

A
  • Most migration due to jobs
  • Prominent in North America and Europe
  • Remittances
33
Q

What are remittances?

A
  • Transfer of money by workers to people in country from which they emigrated
  • Important source of wealth for people in developing countries
34
Q

What gender were most of the migrants Pre-1990s?

A

male

35
Q

What gender are most of the migrants in the 21st century?

A

female

36
Q

What percent do females make up of U.S. immigrants and what does it reflect?

A
  • 55%
  • Reflects changing role of women
  • Looking for jobs
37
Q

What age are about 49% of migrants?

A

young adults (25-39)

38
Q

Large-scale emigration by talented people

A

Brain Drain

39
Q

Immigrants who enter U.S. without proper documentation

A

Unauthorized Immigrants

40
Q

What is the estimated number of unauthorized immigrants living in the US?

A

11 million

41
Q

Where do more than 1/2 the unauthorized immigrants in the U.S. come from?

A

Mexico

42
Q

The U.S. and Mexico border is ______ guarded

A

heavily

43
Q

How long is the U.S. and Mexico border?

A

1,951 miles

44
Q

Most Americans recognize ________ ________ take jobs that no one else wants

A

Unauthorized Immigrants