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Human Geography > Human Geography Ch.1 + 10 > Flashcards

Human Geography Ch.1 + 10 Flashcards

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1
Q

Geography was created by who?

A

Eratosthenes (greek scholar)

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2
Q

“Geo” means _______, and “graphy” means _______

A

earth, to write

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3
Q

the study of places and the relationships between people and their environments

A

Geography

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4
Q

a scale model of the real world

A

map

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5
Q

transferring locations on Earth’s surface to a flat map

A

projection

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6
Q

determines precise position of something on earth

A

global positioning systems (GPS)

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7
Q

captures, stores, queries, and displays the geographic data

A

geographic information systems (GIS)

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8
Q

the position that something occupies on Earth’s surface

A

location

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9
Q

location of a place relative to other places (helps find an unfamiliar place by comparing it with a familiar one)

A

situation

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10
Q

physical characteristic of a place (ex: climate, water sources, topography, soil, vegetation, latitude, longitude)

A

site

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11
Q

area on earth with a unique combination of cultural and physical features

A

region

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12
Q

an area organized around a node or focal point. the importance diminishes as you move away from the vocal point. (ex: Chicago)

A

functional (nodal) region

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13
Q

an area in which everyone shares in common one or more distinctive characteristics (ex: language, climate, and economic activity). this type of region helps explain global or national activity.

A

formal (uniform) region

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14
Q

an area that people believe exists as part of their cultural identity (ex: the south, midwest)

A

vernacular region

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15
Q

from global to local. relationship between portion of earth being studied and earth as a whole.

A

scale

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16
Q

actions and processes that involve the entire world

A

globalization

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17
Q

globalization: conduct research, operate factories, sells products in several countries

A

transnational (multinational) corporation

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18
Q

Can produce a Uniform culture
Despite globalization, cultural differences among places persist

A

globalization of culture

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19
Q

the physical gap or interval between two objects

A

space

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20
Q

the arrangement of a feature in space

A

distribution

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21
Q

the frequency with which something occurs in space (ex: people per square mile)

A

density

22
Q

extent of features spread over space (ex: cluster)

A

concentration

23
Q

the arrangement of objects in space (geometric or irregular)

A

pattern

24
Q

______________ in space vary according to gender, ethnicity, and sexuality

A

patterns

25
Q

increasing gap in economic conditions between rich + poor countries

A

uneven spatial development

26
Q

interaction between places (ex. train tracks, highways)

A

connection

27
Q

the process of spread of a feature or trend from one place to another over time

A

diffusion

28
Q

the region from which innovative ideas originate

A

hearth

29
Q

Indicator of level of development for each country, constructed by United Nations, combining income, literacy, education, and life expectancy

A

Human Development Index (HDI)

30
Q

highest score for HDI

A

1.0 (100%)

31
Q

spread of a feature by physical movement of people from place to place (people moving = carrying culture)

A

relocation diffusion

32
Q

spread of a feature from one place to another in an additive process

A

expansion diffusion

33
Q

spread of an idea from people or nodes of power to other people or places

A

hierarchical expansion diffusion

34
Q

rapid, wide spread diffusion of a characteristic throughout the population (ex: viruses)

A

contagious expansion diffusion

35
Q

connections between cultural groups

A

spatial interaction

36
Q

to become like others (ex: clothing)

A

assimilation

37
Q

adopting only certain customs that will be to a person’s advantage (ex: learning a new language if moving to an area w/ a different language)

A

acculturation

38
Q

the effects of distance on interaction, generally the greater the distance the less interaction

A

distance decay

39
Q

the reduction in the time it takes for something to reach another place.

A

space time compression

40
Q

the process of improving the material conditions of people through diffusion of knowledge and technology

A

development

41
Q

___________________ countries = more wealthy

A

developed

42
Q

______________________ countries = tend to be more poor
(divided into high, medium, or low development)

A

developing

43
Q

measures the well being of a country’s people by factoring standard of living, access to knowledge, and longevity

A

human development index

44
Q

retrieval and production of raw materials (ex: mining, agriculture)

A

primary economic structure

45
Q

processing, transforming, fabricating, or assembling the raw materials, refinishing or packaging of materials (ex: industry, manufacturing)

A

secondary economic structure

46
Q

sales and exchange of goods and services (ex: entertainment, lawyers, retail)

A

tertiary economic structure

47
Q

status of women is lower than men in every country

A

gender inequality

48
Q

compares the levels of indicators for females to those of males within a country (based upon empowerment, employment, and reproductive health)

A

gender inequality index (GII)

49
Q

higher score on the GII = _______ inequality

A

higher

50
Q

use of earth’s resources in ways that assume availability in the future

A

sustainability

51
Q

spread of an underlying principle

A

stimulus diffusion

52
Q
A

Human Geography (13 decks)

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