How to treat cancers w/ pathology

Question 1

Where do basal cell carcinomas invade?

Answer 1

basal cell carcinoma of the skin only invades locally - it never spreads to other parts of the body!

Question 2

how do you treat basal cell carcinoma?

Answer 2

complete local excision

Question 3

leukemia

Answer 3

cancer of WBCs

Question 4

where do carcinomas commonly spread to?

Answer 4

the lymph nodes that drain the site of the carcinoma

Question 5

where can carcinomas spread through the blood to …..?

Answer 5

bone

Question 6

what are the cancers that commonly spread to the bone?

Answer 6

breast, prostate, lung, thyroid and kidney

Question 7

how is the treatment for breast cancer planned?

Answer 7

1. Confirm diagnosis of breast cancer ( usually done in outpatient)
2. Check if it has spread to the Axilla
   IF YES- axillary node clearance is needed.
3. ( if not then …)Check if it has spread to the rest of the body.
   IF YES- systemic (chemo) therapy needed.
4. ( if not then ..) Surgery with or without axillary lymph node clearance.

Question 8

what could still be present even if a tumour is completely excised?

Answer 8

micro metastases could still be present

Question 9

describe adjuvant therapy

Answer 9

extra treatment given after surgical excision

Question 10

what treatment is given after a lumpectomy?

Answer 10

radiotherapy to the breast

Question 11

what does radiotherapy after a lumpectomy do?

Answer 11

kills any micro metastasis and decreased recurrent rate