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Nursing School > Hormones List > Flashcards

Hormones List Flashcards

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0
Q

Adrenocorticotropic hormone

A

Made in: anterior pituitary

Action: stimulate adrenal cortex to ⤴️ cortisol

Secretion stimulated by: ⤵️ cortisol levels via hypothalamus (⤴️ releasing hormone)

Diseases/notes: ACTH acts primarily on Zona fasciculata

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1
Q

Thyroid stimulating

A

Made in: anterior pituitary

Action: stimulates thyroid to relapse T3, T4

Secretion stimulated by: ⤵️ T3 and T4 via hypothalamus ( ⤴️ releasing hormone)

Diseases/notes: TSH also causes thyroid gland to grow

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2
Q

Follicle stimulating hormone

A

Made in: anterior pituitary

Action: female (egg production) male (sperm production)

Secretion stimulated by: ⤵️ estrogen or testosterone, hypothalamus (⤴️ releasing hormone)

Diseases/notes:

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3
Q

Luteinizing hormone

A

Made in: anterior pituitary

Action: female (ovulation) male (testosterone)

Secretion stimulated by: same as FSH , ⤴️ estrogen causes ovulation

Diseases/notes:

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4
Q

Melanocyte stimulating hormone

A

Made in: anterior pituitary

Action: ⤴️ skin pigmentation

Secretion stimulated by: hypothalamus (⤴️ releasing hormone)

Diseases/notes:

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5
Q

Human growth hormone

A

Made in: anterior pituitary

Action: growth/esp bone , ⤴️glucose, ⤴️protein synthesis, lipolysis

Secretion stimulated by: hypothalamus (⤴️ releasing hormone)

Diseases/notes: ⤴️ gigantism, ⤴️ acromegaly (adults), ⤵️ dwarfism, requires somatomedins

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6
Q

Prolactin

A

Made in: anterior pituitary

Action: maintain milk secretion

Secretion stimulated by: hypothalamus (⤴️ releasing hormone)

Diseases/notes: in males may increase testosterone

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7
Q

Oxytocin

A

Made in: hypothalamus

Action: uterine contractions, “let-down” reflex

Secretion stimulated by: cervix dilation or sucking (nipple) via hypothalamus

Diseases/notes: role in sexual intercourse (contraction of ductus deferens)

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8
Q

Antidiuretic

A

Made in: hypothalamus

Action: makes DCT/CD (kidney) permeable to water

Secretion stimulated by: ⤴️ osmolarity via hypothalamus

Diseases/notes: ⤵️ diabetes insipidus

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9
Q

Releasing and inhibiting hormones

A

Made in: hypothalamus

Action: ⤴️ or ⤵️ secretion of anterior pituitary hormones

Secretion stimulated by: negative feedback mechanism

Diseases/notes:

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10
Q

Thyroxine and triiodothyronine (T3 and T4)

A

Made in: thyroid

Action: ⤴️ metabolism, ⤴️❤️rate, growth & nervous development

Secretion stimulated by: ⤴️ TSH from anterior pituitary

Diseases/notes: ⤵️ hypothyroidism, ⤵️ cretinism, ⤴️ hyperthyroidism, ⤴️ Graves’ disease

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11
Q

Calcitonin

A

Made in: thyroid

Action: ⤵️ blood Ca+ / puts Ca+ into bone

Secretion stimulated by: ⤴️ blood Ca+

Diseases/notes: inhibits osteoclasts

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12
Q

Parathyroid hormone

A

Made in: parathyroid

Action: ⤴️Ca+ in blood, ⤴️osteoclast activity, ⤴️Mg ⤵️Phosphate

Secretion stimulated by: ⤵️ blood Ca+

Diseases/notes: ⤵️ hypoparathyroidism , ⤴️hyperparathyroidism

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13
Q

Aldosterone

A

Mineralcorticoids

Made in: adrenal cortex (Zona glomerulosa)

Action: ⤴️ Na+ in blood, ⤵️ K+ in blood

Secretion stimulated by: ⤵️Na+,⤴️K+, ⤴️angiotensin II

Diseases/notes: important hormone that controls K+

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14
Q

Cortisol

A

Glucocorticoids

Made in: adrenal cortex (Zona fasiculata)

Action: ⤴️glucose, ⤴️lipolysis, ⤴️protein catabolism, poor wound healing, anti-inflammatory

Secretion stimulated by: ⤴️ ACTH

Diseases/notes: ⤴️ cushings disease, ⤵️Addison’s disease

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15
Q

Androgens

A

Gonadocorticoids

Made in: adrenal cortex (Zona reticularis)

Action: male hair pattern, (converted to estrogen in females)

Secretion stimulated by: amounts of these hormones are low

Diseases/notes: can be significant if made in excess by tumors

16
Q

Epinephrine/norepinephrine

A

Made in: adrenal medulla

Action: flight or fight response, ⤴️glucose, ⤴️BP, bronchiole dilation, etc

Secretion stimulated by: ⤴️ sympathetic NS (hypothalamus)

Diseases/notes: tumor of adrenal medulla could lead to dangerously high levels of these hormones

17
Q

Glucagon

A

Made in: pancreas (alpha cells)

Action: ⤴️ glucose in blood, glycogenolysis

Secretion stimulated by: ⤵️ blood glucose

Diseases/notes:

18
Q

Insulin

A

Made in: pancreas (beta cells)

Action: ⤵️ glucose in blood, glycogenesis, lipogenesis and protein synthesis

Secretion stimulated by: ⤴️ blood glucose (made when glucose levels are high)

Diseases/notes: ⤴️ diabetes mellitus

19
Q

Estrogen

A

Made in: growing follicles and corpus luteum

Action: female sex characteristics, protein synthesis and growth of endometrium

Secretion stimulated by: ⤴️ FSH

Diseases/notes: levels of this hormone ⤴️ during first 14 days of cycle

20
Q

Progesterone

A

Made in: corpus luteum

Action: growth, secretion and maintenance of endometrium

Secretion stimulated by: ⤴️ LH (FSH)

Diseases/notes: levels ⤴️ 14-28 day, levels stay high during pregnancy due to hcg

21
Q

Testosterone

A

Made in: testes (leydig cells)

Action: make sex characteristic, protein synthesis, bone growth and testes descent

Secretion stimulated by: ⤴️ LH stimulates leydig cells to make testosterone

Diseases/notes:

22
Q

Human chorionic gonadotropin hormone hCG

A

Made in: placenta

Action: maintains corpus luteum to keep progesterone levels ⤴️

Secretion stimulated by:

Diseases/notes: hormone ⤴️ during pregnancy

23
Q

Relaxin

A

Made in: corpus luteum, placenta

Action: relax symphysis pubis, dilate cervix

Secretion stimulated by: ⤴️ towards the end of pregnancy

Diseases/notes:

24
Q

Renin

A

(Is actually an enzyme)

Made in: kidney (JGA)

Action: ⤴️ BP

Secretion stimulated by: ⤵️Na+ , ⤵️ BP in the afferent arteriole

Diseases/notes: works via angiotensin II that is made in the lung

25
Q

Erythropoietin EPO

A

Made in: kidney (also made by liver)

Action: ⤴️ production of RBC

Secretion stimulated by: secreted in response to hypoxia

Diseases/notes: sometimes involved in illegal doping (athletes)

26
Q

Calcitrol

A

Made in: skin to liver to kidney from vitamin D

Action: ⤴️ Ca+ absorption in GI tract

Secretion stimulated by: effect stimulated by parathyroid hormone

Diseases/notes: vitamin D is first activated in skin via sunlight

27
Q

Cholecystokinin CCK

A

Made in: duodenal mucosa

Action: ⤴️ enzymes in pancreatic juice, gall bladder contraction, stops stomach

Secretion stimulated by: ⤴️ fatty chyme, partially digested proteins

Diseases/notes: also acts on hypothalamus to suppress appetite

28
Q

Gastrin

A

Made in: stomach mucosa

Action: causes gastric glands to ⤴️ secretory activity

Secretion stimulated by: ⤴️ food in stomach

Diseases/notes:

29
Q

Secretin

A

Made in: duodenal mucosa

Action: ⤴️ HCO3 in pancreatic juice, inhibits stomach

Secretion stimulated by: ⤴️ acidic chyme

Diseases/notes:

30
Q

Histamine

A

Made in: stomach mucosa

Action: parietal cell ⤴️ HCL

Secretion stimulated by: ⤴️ food in stomach

Diseases/notes:

31
Q

Atrial natriuretic peptide hormone

A

Made in: atria of ❤️

Action: ⤵️ Na+ in blood, ⤵️ BP

Secretion stimulated by: stretch on R atrium of the heart

Diseases/notes:

32
Q

Angiotensin II

A

Made in: lung

Action: ⤴️ BP, ⤴️ ADH and ⤴️ aldosterone, thirst, ⤴️ Na+ Reabsorption

Secretion stimulated by: ⤴️ renin

Diseases/notes: extremely powerful vasoconstrictor

33
Q

Leptin

A

Made in: adipose tissue

Action: suppresses appetite, role in puberty

Secretion stimulated by: ⤴️ fatty foods

Diseases/notes:

34
Q

Angiotensin I

A

Made in: liver

Action: ⤴️ BP by ⤴️ levels of angiotensin II

Secretion stimulated by: formed from angiotensinogen

Diseases/notes:

35
Q

Somatomedins

A

(Insulin-like growth factors)

Made in: liver

Action: ⤴️ growth of bone and muscle (protein synthesis)

Secretion stimulated by: stimulated by hGH from anterior pituitary

Diseases/notes:

Nursing School (36 decks)

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