Bacteria List

Question 0

Borrelia

Answer 0

• gram negative spirochete -

Borrelia borgdogeri

Causes: Lyme disease, arthropod borne

Question 1

Treponema

Answer 1

• gram negative spirochete -

Treponema pallidum

Causes: syphilis

Question 2

Leptospira

Answer 2

• gram negative spirochete -

Leptospira interogans

Causes: leptospirosis

Question 3

Vibrio

Answer 3

• gram negative curved bacilli -

Shape: curved rod (vibrio)

Vibrio cholera

Causes: cholera, GI disease

Question 4

Campylobacter

Answer 4

• gram negative curved bacilli -

Shape: curved rod ( s-shaped)

Campylobacter jejuni

Causes: GI infections from contaminated meat or water, Giuliani-barre syndrome is a possible side effect

Question 5

Helicobacter

Answer 5

• gram negative curved bacilli -

Shape: curved rod (helical shape)

Helicobacter pylori

Causes: peptic ulcer

Question 6

Rickettsia

Answer 6

• gram negative obligate intracellular parasite -

Rickettsia rickettsia

Causes: Rocky Mountain spotted fever , enters host through vectors

Question 7

Chlamydia

Answer 7

• gram negative obligate intracellular parasite -

Chlamyidia trachomitis

Causes: trachoma (blindness) , std

Question 8

Chlamydophila

Answer 8

• gram negative obligate intracellular parasite -

Chlamydophila pneumonia

Causes: pneumonia

Question 9

Pseudomonas (obligate aerobe)

Answer 9

• gram negative aerobic bacilli -

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Causes: produces pyocyanin (green) pigment, infection in burn patients, nosocomial infections, lung infections in cystic fibrosis patients

Question 10

Legionella

Answer 10

• gram negative aerobic bacilli -

Legionella pneumophila

Causes: pneumonia (legionaries disease) ; intracellular pathogens

Question 11

Bordetella

Answer 11

• gram negative aerobic bacilli -

Bordetella pertussis

Causes: pertussis (whooping cough)

Question 12

Burkholderia

Answer 12

• gram negative aerobic bacilli -

Burkholderia cepacia

Causes: cystic fibrosis patients , likes moist surfaces (medical equipment)

Question 13

Escherichia

Answer 13

• gram negative bacilli in the intestine -

Normal GI tract

Causes: O157:H7 strain: Hemolytic uremic syndrome

Question 14

Salmonella

Answer 14

• gram negative bacilli in the intestine -

Salmonella enterica

Causes: typhoid fever, salmonellosis, food poisoning

Question 15

Shigella

Answer 15

• gram negative bacilli in the intestine -

Shigella dysenteriae

Causes: shigellosis (dysentery)

Question 16

Klebsiella

Answer 16

• gram negative bacilli in the intestine -

Klebsiella pneumonia

Causes: hemorrhagic pneumonia

Question 17

Serratia

Answer 17

• gram negative bacilli in the intestine -

Serratia marcescens

Causes: opportunistic UTI, respiratory infections ; colonies produce a red/pink pigment at room temperature

Question 18

Proteus

Answer 18

• gram negative bacilli in the intestine -

Proteus vulgaris

Causes: opportunistic UTI

Question 19

Yersinia

Answer 19

• gram negative bacilli in the intestine -

Yersinia pestis

Causes: plague

Question 20

Enterobacter

Answer 20

• gram negative bacilli in the intestine -

Causes: opportunistic UTI

Question 21

Fusobacterium

Answer 21

• gram negative bacilli -

Causes: gingivitis

Question 22

Neisseria

Answer 22

• gram negative diplococcus -

Nisseria gonorrheae / Nisseria meningitis

Question 23

Haemophilus

Answer 23

• gram negative pleomorphic bacillus -

Haemophilus influenza

Causes: meningitis, epiglottis, otitis, URI

Question 24

Clostridium (obligate anaerobe)

Answer 24

- gram positive endospore forming bacilli - Clostridium tetani: causes tetanus Clostridium perfringens: causes food poisoning, gas gangrene Clostridium botulinum: causes botulism Clostridium difficile: causes pseudomembranous colitis

Question 25

Bacillus

Answer 25

- gram positive endospore forming bacilli - Bacillus anthracis: causes anthrax Bacillus cereus: causes fried rice syndrome *** some species make antibiotics

Question 26

Lactobacillus

Answer 26

- gram positive NONendospore forming bacilli - Used in making yogurt, buttermilk and sauerkraut *** also found in vaginal flora

Question 27

Listeria

Answer 27

- gram positive NONendospore forming bacilli - Listeria monocytogens Causes: fetal pathogen, newborn meningitis *** can live at refrigerated temperatures and cause food poisoning

Question 28

Propionibacterium

Answer 28

- gram positive NONendospore forming bacilli - Propionibacterium acnes Causes: acne

Question 29

Gardnerella

Answer 29

- gram positive NONendospore forming bacilli - Gardnerella vaginalis Causes: vaginitis/ vaginosis

Question 30

Streptococcus

Answer 30

- gram positive cocci - Streptococcus pneumonia: causes alpha hemolysis , pneumonia and otitis media Streptococcus pyogenes: causes beta hemolysis, pharyngitis, necrotizing fasciitis, cellulitis and erysipelas Streptococcus mutans: causes cavities

Question 31

Enterococcus (type of streptococcus)

Answer 31

- gram positive cocci - Vancomycin resistant enterococcus VRE

Question 32

Staphylococcus

Answer 32

- gram positive cocci - Staphylococcus aureus: causes folliculitis, scalded skin syndrome, impetigo and toxic shock syndrome Methicillin resistant Staph aureus MRSA vancomycin resistant Staph aureus VRSA Staphylococcus epidermis: causes normal flora on skin

Question 33

Streptomyces

Answer 33

- gram positive filamentous - Produce antibiotics

Question 34

Actinomyces

Answer 34

- gram positive filamentous - Causes: respiratory diseases, cavities

Question 35

Corynebacterium

Answer 35

- gram positive pleomorphic - Corynebacterium diphtheria: causes diphtheria *** contain inclusions of metachromatic granules

Question 36

Mycoplasma

Answer 36

Pleomorphic (no cell wall) Mycoplasma pneumonia: causes walking pneumonia

Question 37

Mycobacterium

Answer 37

Bacillus Acid fast Mycobacterium tuberculosis: causes tuberculosis Mycobacterium leprae: causes leprosy

Question 38

Nocardia

Answer 38

Bacillus Acid fast Causes: respiratory diseases *** also used to break down pollutants in lakes and landfills