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Bacteria List Flashcards

0
Q

Borrelia

A
  • gram negative spirochete -

Borrelia borgdogeri

Causes: Lyme disease, arthropod borne

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1
Q

Treponema

A
  • gram negative spirochete -

Treponema pallidum

Causes: syphilis

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2
Q

Leptospira

A
  • gram negative spirochete -

Leptospira interogans

Causes: leptospirosis

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3
Q

Vibrio

A
  • gram negative curved bacilli -

Shape: curved rod (vibrio)

Vibrio cholera

Causes: cholera, GI disease

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4
Q

Campylobacter

A
  • gram negative curved bacilli -

Shape: curved rod ( s-shaped)

Campylobacter jejuni

Causes: GI infections from contaminated meat or water, Giuliani-barre syndrome is a possible side effect

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5
Q

Helicobacter

A
  • gram negative curved bacilli -

Shape: curved rod (helical shape)

Helicobacter pylori

Causes: peptic ulcer

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6
Q

Rickettsia

A
  • gram negative obligate intracellular parasite -

Rickettsia rickettsia

Causes: Rocky Mountain spotted fever , enters host through vectors

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7
Q

Chlamydia

A
  • gram negative obligate intracellular parasite -

Chlamyidia trachomitis

Causes: trachoma (blindness) , std

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8
Q

Chlamydophila

A
  • gram negative obligate intracellular parasite -

Chlamydophila pneumonia

Causes: pneumonia

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9
Q

Pseudomonas (obligate aerobe)

A
  • gram negative aerobic bacilli -

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Causes: produces pyocyanin (green) pigment, infection in burn patients, nosocomial infections, lung infections in cystic fibrosis patients

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10
Q

Legionella

A
  • gram negative aerobic bacilli -

Legionella pneumophila

Causes: pneumonia (legionaries disease) ; intracellular pathogens

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11
Q

Bordetella

A
  • gram negative aerobic bacilli -

Bordetella pertussis

Causes: pertussis (whooping cough)

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12
Q

Burkholderia

A
  • gram negative aerobic bacilli -

Burkholderia cepacia

Causes: cystic fibrosis patients , likes moist surfaces (medical equipment)

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13
Q

Escherichia

A
  • gram negative bacilli in the intestine -

Normal GI tract

Causes: O157:H7 strain: Hemolytic uremic syndrome

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14
Q

Salmonella

A
  • gram negative bacilli in the intestine -

Salmonella enterica

Causes: typhoid fever, salmonellosis, food poisoning

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15
Q

Shigella

A
  • gram negative bacilli in the intestine -

Shigella dysenteriae

Causes: shigellosis (dysentery)

16
Q

Klebsiella

A
  • gram negative bacilli in the intestine -

Klebsiella pneumonia

Causes: hemorrhagic pneumonia

17
Q

Serratia

A
  • gram negative bacilli in the intestine -

Serratia marcescens

Causes: opportunistic UTI, respiratory infections ; colonies produce a red/pink pigment at room temperature

18
Q

Proteus

A
  • gram negative bacilli in the intestine -

Proteus vulgaris

Causes: opportunistic UTI

19
Q

Yersinia

A
  • gram negative bacilli in the intestine -

Yersinia pestis

Causes: plague

20
Q

Enterobacter

A
  • gram negative bacilli in the intestine -

Causes: opportunistic UTI

21
Q

Fusobacterium

A
  • gram negative bacilli -

Causes: gingivitis

22
Q

Neisseria

A
  • gram negative diplococcus -

Nisseria gonorrheae / Nisseria meningitis

23
Q

Haemophilus

A
  • gram negative pleomorphic bacillus -

Haemophilus influenza

Causes: meningitis, epiglottis, otitis, URI

24
Q

Clostridium (obligate anaerobe)

A
  • gram positive endospore forming bacilli -

Clostridium tetani: causes tetanus

Clostridium perfringens: causes food poisoning, gas gangrene

Clostridium botulinum: causes botulism

Clostridium difficile: causes pseudomembranous colitis

25
Q

Bacillus

A
  • gram positive endospore forming bacilli -

Bacillus anthracis: causes anthrax

Bacillus cereus: causes fried rice syndrome

*** some species make antibiotics

26
Q

Lactobacillus

A
  • gram positive NONendospore forming bacilli -

Used in making yogurt, buttermilk and sauerkraut

*** also found in vaginal flora

27
Q

Listeria

A
  • gram positive NONendospore forming bacilli -

Listeria monocytogens

Causes: fetal pathogen, newborn meningitis

*** can live at refrigerated temperatures and cause food poisoning

28
Q

Propionibacterium

A
  • gram positive NONendospore forming bacilli -

Propionibacterium acnes

Causes: acne

29
Q

Gardnerella

A
  • gram positive NONendospore forming bacilli -

Gardnerella vaginalis

Causes: vaginitis/ vaginosis

30
Q

Streptococcus

A
  • gram positive cocci -

Streptococcus pneumonia: causes alpha hemolysis , pneumonia and otitis media

Streptococcus pyogenes: causes beta hemolysis, pharyngitis, necrotizing fasciitis, cellulitis and erysipelas

Streptococcus mutans: causes cavities

31
Q

Enterococcus (type of streptococcus)

A
  • gram positive cocci -

Vancomycin resistant enterococcus VRE

32
Q

Staphylococcus

A
  • gram positive cocci -

Staphylococcus aureus: causes folliculitis, scalded skin syndrome, impetigo and toxic shock syndrome

Methicillin resistant Staph aureus MRSA
vancomycin resistant Staph aureus VRSA

Staphylococcus epidermis: causes normal flora on skin

33
Q

Streptomyces

A
  • gram positive filamentous -

Produce antibiotics

34
Q

Actinomyces

A
  • gram positive filamentous -

Causes: respiratory diseases, cavities

35
Q

Corynebacterium

A
  • gram positive pleomorphic -

Corynebacterium diphtheria: causes diphtheria

*** contain inclusions of metachromatic granules

36
Q

Mycoplasma

A

Pleomorphic (no cell wall)

Mycoplasma pneumonia: causes walking pneumonia

37
Q

Mycobacterium

A

Bacillus

Acid fast

Mycobacterium tuberculosis: causes tuberculosis

Mycobacterium leprae: causes leprosy

38
Q

Nocardia

A

Bacillus

Acid fast

Causes: respiratory diseases

*** also used to break down pollutants in lakes and landfills

Nursing School (36 decks)

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