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Biology > Homeostasis and control > Flashcards

Homeostasis and control Flashcards

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1
Q

Define Homeostasis

A

Keeping our bodies the same even if the environment changes

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2
Q

What factors in your body do you need to keep constant and why ?

A

Temperature - Enzymes denature if you don’t control you body temp

Blood Co2 - needed for aerobic respiration

Water level- Right water balance for chemical reactions

Blood glucose- Enough glucose for muscles and for them to respire

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3
Q

Types of receptors

A 
Light receptors 
temp receptors 
sound receptors
pressure receptors 
taste receptors 
smell receptors
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4
Q

The pathway of information

A
  1. Stimulus
  2. Receptor
  3. sensory nerve
  4. Brain/spinal cord
  5. Motor nerve
  6. Response
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5
Q

Which organs of the body are involved in the peripheral nervous system ?

A

Motor nerves

sensory nerves

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6
Q

Which organs are involved in the central nervous system ?

A

Brain

spinal cord

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7
Q

What are the main functions of the peripheral nervous system ?

A

Send signals in and out of the body

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8
Q

What are the main functions of the central nervous system ?

A

Control and decide what to do

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9
Q

What happens to the peripheral nervous system if it is damaged ?

A

It will loose the ability to control movement

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10
Q

What happens to the central nervous system of it is damaged ?

A

Loose control of the body

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11
Q

What is the job of reflexes

A

They ensure survival and avoid damage

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12
Q

How are reflexes controlled

A

predominately controlled by the spinal cord

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13
Q

Name the Hormones that the pituarity gland creates

A 
Growth Hormone 
ADH
TSH
ACTH
FSH and LH
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14
Q

What does Growth hormone do to your body ?

A

Helps your body grow

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15
Q

What does ADH stand for and what does it do ?

A

Antidiuretic Hormone - produces pee

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16
Q

What does TSH do ?

A

Acts on the thyroid gland

17
Q

What does ACTH do ?

A

Acts on the adrenal gland

18
Q

Name all the main glands that produce a Hormone

A 
Pituarity 
Thyroid gland 
Pancreas 
Adrenal 
Ovaries
Testies
19
Q

Name the Hormone that is produced in the thyroid gland and what it does

A

thyroxine- Makes chemical reactions quicker in the thyroid gland

20
Q

Name the two Hormones that the pancreas produces

A

Insulin

Glucagon

21
Q

What does glucagon do ?

A

Controls blood sugar levels once it increases

22
Q

What does insulin do ?

A

controls blood sugar levels once it starts to decrease

23
Q

Name the Hormone produced in the adrenal gland and what it does ?

A

Adrenaline - Increases heart rate and blood pressure and improves reflexes sensitivity

24
Q

name the two Hormones that the ovaries produce ?

A

oestrogen

progestogen

25
Q

What does oestrogen and progestogen do to the body ?

A

Develops the ladies reproductive system

26
Q

Name the Hormone the testies produces and explain what it does ?

A

Testosterone- develops male production system

27
Q

What are endocrine glands

A

They secrete their products directly into the blood

28
Q

What are exocrine glands

A

Glands that produce onto and secrete substances onto an epithelia surface

29
Q

Define target cells

A

A cell by which bears receptors for a specific hormone , drug or other signalling molecule

30
Q

Define target tissue

A

Target tissue refers to the intended site that a hormone will affect

31
Q

Define hormone receptor

A

A receptor that binds to a specific hormone

32
Q

What is Osmoregulation

A

control of blood water potential

33
Q

What happens to the body if the blood water potential is too low ?

A

This causes water to be absorbed into the blood resulting in damaged cells

34
Q

What happens to the body if the water potential is too high

A

This means cells and tissues absorb water from the blood and can be damaged

Biology (31 decks)

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