Homeostasis and control Flashcards
Define Homeostasis
Keeping our bodies the same even if the environment changes
What factors in your body do you need to keep constant and why ?
Temperature - Enzymes denature if you don’t control you body temp
Blood Co2 - needed for aerobic respiration
Water level- Right water balance for chemical reactions
Blood glucose- Enough glucose for muscles and for them to respire
Types of receptors
Light receptors temp receptors sound receptors pressure receptors taste receptors smell receptors
The pathway of information
- Stimulus
- Receptor
- sensory nerve
- Brain/spinal cord
- Motor nerve
- Response
Which organs of the body are involved in the peripheral nervous system ?
Motor nerves
sensory nerves
Which organs are involved in the central nervous system ?
Brain
spinal cord
What are the main functions of the peripheral nervous system ?
Send signals in and out of the body
What are the main functions of the central nervous system ?
Control and decide what to do
What happens to the peripheral nervous system if it is damaged ?
It will loose the ability to control movement
What happens to the central nervous system of it is damaged ?
Loose control of the body
What is the job of reflexes
They ensure survival and avoid damage
How are reflexes controlled
predominately controlled by the spinal cord
Name the Hormones that the pituarity gland creates
Growth Hormone ADH TSH ACTH FSH and LH
What does Growth hormone do to your body ?
Helps your body grow
What does ADH stand for and what does it do ?
Antidiuretic Hormone - produces pee
What does TSH do ?
Acts on the thyroid gland
What does ACTH do ?
Acts on the adrenal gland
Name all the main glands that produce a Hormone
Pituarity Thyroid gland Pancreas Adrenal Ovaries Testies
Name the Hormone that is produced in the thyroid gland and what it does
thyroxine- Makes chemical reactions quicker in the thyroid gland
Name the two Hormones that the pancreas produces
Insulin
Glucagon
What does glucagon do ?
Controls blood sugar levels once it increases
What does insulin do ?
controls blood sugar levels once it starts to decrease
Name the Hormone produced in the adrenal gland and what it does ?
Adrenaline - Increases heart rate and blood pressure and improves reflexes sensitivity
name the two Hormones that the ovaries produce ?
oestrogen
progestogen
What does oestrogen and progestogen do to the body ?
Develops the ladies reproductive system
Name the Hormone the testies produces and explain what it does ?
Testosterone- develops male production system
What are endocrine glands
They secrete their products directly into the blood
What are exocrine glands
Glands that produce onto and secrete substances onto an epithelia surface
Define target cells
A cell by which bears receptors for a specific hormone , drug or other signalling molecule
Define target tissue
Target tissue refers to the intended site that a hormone will affect
Define hormone receptor
A receptor that binds to a specific hormone
What is Osmoregulation
control of blood water potential
What happens to the body if the blood water potential is too low ?
This causes water to be absorbed into the blood resulting in damaged cells
What happens to the body if the water potential is too high
This means cells and tissues absorb water from the blood and can be damaged
