Animal tissues , organs and organ systems Flashcards
What are the two main jobs of the digestive system ?
Breaks down food
Absorption of small molecules into the blood
How is larger food broken down ?
Chemically broken down by enzymes
Three types of enzymes are secreted along the digestive system
What two factors affect the rate of reaction ?
Temperature ( too high )
Ph - if it is wrong the enzymes will become denatured and stop working
Name the three types of enzyme
Amylase
Lipase
Protease
What is Amylase ?
Type of carbohydrase enzyme
Breaks down starch into glucose
What is Protease ?
Type of enzyme that breaks down proteins into amino acids
What is lipase ?
Type of enzyme that breaks down fats into fatty acids and glycerol
Name two other substances that are secreted
Hydrochloric acid
Bile
Hydrochloric acid ?
Kills bacteria
Makes PH 2 so that it can break down into glucose
Bile ?
Emulsifies fats so that lipase Enzyme is able to breakdown faster
Neutralises acidity and makes PH 11 for amylase to work
What do the salivary glands secrete ?
Amylase enzyme
Begins to breakdown starch into glucose
The PH of the mouth is PH 7
What is the trachea ?
A muscular tube to push food along
What does the liver make ?
Bile
What does the stomach secrete ?
Only secretes protease enzyme
It breaks down proteins into amino acids and fatty acids
Gall bladder ?
It stores bile which is released onto the small intestine which emulsifies fat.
Also contains alkalies to neutralise the stomach acid and provide optimum conditions for the enzymes to work properly
