Animal tissues , organs and organ systems Flashcards
What are the two main jobs of the digestive system ?
Breaks down food
Absorption of small molecules into the blood
How is larger food broken down ?
Chemically broken down by enzymes
Three types of enzymes are secreted along the digestive system
What two factors affect the rate of reaction ?
Temperature ( too high )
Ph - if it is wrong the enzymes will become denatured and stop working
Name the three types of enzyme
Amylase
Lipase
Protease
What is Amylase ?
Type of carbohydrase enzyme
Breaks down starch into glucose
What is Protease ?
Type of enzyme that breaks down proteins into amino acids
What is lipase ?
Type of enzyme that breaks down fats into fatty acids and glycerol
Name two other substances that are secreted
Hydrochloric acid
Bile
Hydrochloric acid ?
Kills bacteria
Makes PH 2 so that it can break down into glucose
Bile ?
Emulsifies fats so that lipase Enzyme is able to breakdown faster
Neutralises acidity and makes PH 11 for amylase to work
What do the salivary glands secrete ?
Amylase enzyme
Begins to breakdown starch into glucose
The PH of the mouth is PH 7
What is the trachea ?
A muscular tube to push food along
What does the liver make ?
Bile
What does the stomach secrete ?
Only secretes protease enzyme
It breaks down proteins into amino acids and fatty acids
Gall bladder ?
It stores bile which is released onto the small intestine which emulsifies fat.
Also contains alkalies to neutralise the stomach acid and provide optimum conditions for the enzymes to work properly
Pancreas ?
Pancreas secretes protease , amylase , lipase into small intestine
Small intestine ?
Protease , amylase . lipase are secreted
As food moves along all the protein , starch and fat are digested. They are now small , soluble molecules
Diffused through the stomach into the blood to be carried to cells in the body
